1842.1 



THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECTS JOURNAL. 



139 



•fFects beinf; produced upon the country, through the absurd prohibitory 

 laws. We thus see that an order of several thousand pounds is taken out of 

 onr hands. How long this is to last it is impossible to say. 



A Public Park at Lii:erpool.— The Liverpool p.ipers state, that Mr. R. Y. 

 Tates has purchased from the Earl of Sefton forty-thre? acres in To.'jteth 

 Park, tno-thirds of which are to belaid out for a park for the use of the 

 public, and the remaining third is to be appropriated to sites for villas. The 

 noble lord receives £1100 per acre, so that the purchase money for the 

 ■whole will e.weed £47,000. The land is beautifully situate, commanding' fine 

 views in every direction. 



Steam Engines in Belgium. — It is estimated that there are now at work in 

 Belgium 1300 steam. engines, with a total power of 33,100 horses. — Galignani. 

 Atmospheric Raihoay. — The report on this subject of Sir F. .Smith, R.E. and 

 Prof. Barlow, has tieen presented to Parliament. The summary of their 

 opinions is thus given : — " 1. That we consider the principle of atmospheric 

 propulsion to be established, and that the economy oi working increases with 

 the length and diameter of ihe tube. 2. That the expense of the formation 

 of the line in cuttings, embankments, bridges, tunnels, and rails, will be very 

 little less than for equal lengths of a railway to be worked by locomotive 

 engines, but that the total cost of the works will much greater, owing to the 

 e-xpense of providing and laying the atmospheric tube, and erecting the 

 stationary engines. 3. That the expense of working a line on this principle, 

 on which trains are frequently passing, will be less than working by loco- 

 motive engines, and that the saving ihus effected will, in some cases, more 

 than compensate for the additional outlay ; but it will be the reverse on lines 

 of unfrequent trains. However, there are m^ny items of expense of which we 

 Lave no knowledge and can form no opinion, such as the wear and tear of 

 pistons, valves. &c. ; on these further experience \s needed, i. That with 

 proper means of disengaging the train from the piston in cases of emergency, 

 we consider this principle as regards safely equal to that appertaining to rope 

 machinery. There appear, however, some practical difficulties in regard to 

 junctions, crossings, sidings, and stoppages at road stations, which may make 

 this system of less general application." 



Brick-making, Stc— A discovery has been made by Mr. R. Prosser of Bir- 

 mingham, which bids fair to be attended with important results to the 

 interests of architecture. The novelty of Mr. Prosser's process consists in the 

 clay being dried, ground to powder, and submitted to pressure in metallic 

 moulds, until the particles cohere together. As there is no water in combi- 

 nation with the clay, no drying process is necessary ; consequently the 

 articles made by this method are ready to be fired or burned as soon 

 as they leave the machine. Owing to the great pressure required to 

 cause the particles of clay to cohere togetlier, the articles made by this press 

 have greater density ih-^in those made in the ordinary way : they are also 

 less porous, and not subject to decay in v.et or frost. In addition to these 

 advantages, any architectural device may be impressed upon the clay, which, 

 when burnt, will retain all the sliarpness of the original, however elaborately 

 finished. By this process bricks may be made in all weathers, and with 

 greater economy than by any other plan known at present. The brick-press 

 is worked by hydraulic pumps, giving about 300 tons pressure, thus producing 

 the adhesion and cohesion. The machine delivers the brick (four at a time in 

 the present machine) ready at that instant for the kiln, requiring no exposure 

 to the atmosphere to dry. The whole operation, from the time of putting 

 the powderea clay into the machine to tlie delivery of the brick, occupies 

 about half a miiiute. Machinery might readily be constructed to produce 

 bricks fifty a minute.— Oaj/jr paper. 



Architectural honours. — "W'e are happy to announce that Mr. Cockerill has 

 been elected a foreign member of the Aeademie des Beaux Arts, in the room 

 of the late M. Antolini of Milan, and that Mr. Barry has been elected a mem- 

 ber of the Royal Academy, in the room of the late Sir David Wilkie, an 

 appointment that will give the greatest satisfaction to every architect : we 

 have now three architects in the Academy. 



M. Antolini. — The following notice of this eminent architect, who lately 

 died in Italy, appeared in the Art Union: — "Cavalier Gio Antonio Antolini 

 ■was born in IVSl. of a respectable family at Caslel Bolognese : he studied at 

 Bologna, and there took a degree as an architect and engineer. He was 

 called to Rome for the works on the Pontine Marshes, and at Rome he studied 

 deeply the remains of antiquity, and published " Illustrations of the Temple 

 of Hercules at Cori." He then went to Milan, where he designed the plan of 

 the Forum Bonaparte. He was afterwards named to two chairs, those of 

 Architecture in the Academy, and of Geognosy in the University of Bologna; 

 and he was subsequently elected a member of many learned bodies, including 

 the Institute of France. He held many honourable public appointments, and 

 executed many works for the Italian government as well as for individuals ; 

 tie was also employed in foreign labours, latterly for the Viceroy of Egypt. 

 He has left, it is said, in his son Ph.lip Antolini, the heir of his talents as 

 well as of his name. He has pubhshed the following works, besides the above- 

 mentioned :—'• The Ruins of Velleja in the Piacentino ;" "The Temple of 

 Minerva in Assisi," confronted •.■. ith the plates of Andrea Palladio ; "Ele- 

 mentary Ideas of Civil Architecture;' " Notes to the Treatise of Architecture 

 by Milizia." 



Thames Tunnel.— ^Ve are happy to hear thatthis work is r,o\v past all danger, 

 and that within a few months it will be open to the public as a thoroughfare. 

 The entire brick structure of the Tunnel, uniting the two opposite shores, is 

 now wholly completed. 



Paris.— To the already numerous buildings which have been recently erected 

 for the embellishment of the French metropolis, a new palace is to be added, 

 for the Archbishop, on the Quai Napoleon, facing the Hotel de Ville : it is to 

 be in unison with the Cathedral sf Notre Dime. The beautiful turret and 

 other fragments of ihe Hotel de la Tremouilte, whose demolition excited so 

 much interest, are to be appropriated to the sacred edifice. — The colossal 

 statue of " Immortality" by M. Corlot is about to be cast, .and placed on the 

 dome of the Pantheon. 



Monument of Napoleon — The French newspapers announce that the Govern- 

 ment have ordered that the monument to Napoleon shall be executed accordin" 

 to the plan recommended by the t'ommission .appointed to examine the com- 

 petition dr.awmgs and models, who reported that none of the models were 

 entirely satisfactory, and recommend to be erected a sarcophagus of granite 

 or porphyry, of a severe and noble form, placed on apedestalof an imle.structi- 

 ble material, which appears to the Commission to be the most suitable monument 

 which can be raised to contain the ashes of Napoleon. It should convey the 

 idea of eternity, and that the remains of the great m.-.n are safe from the 

 vicissitudes and accidents of time. It ought to be constructed in such a 

 manner as to survive the destruction of the church which contains it. and 

 the fall of the dome, and it should be impervio'.;s to fire. As to the objection 

 to thephn of a crypt, that it is exposed to damp ami to inundations, it is not 

 true ; the foundation of the Invalides is manv metres above the highest 

 waters, and its vaults are remarkably dry. The excavation ot the crypt 

 besides, renders any other appropriation o'' the dome impiissil>le ; it niust 

 remain for ever sacred to the .ashes of Napo'eon. Tlie Commission further 

 expresses the opinion that within the inclosure of the Invalides. but without 

 the church, and quite apart from the tomb, an equestrian statue of the Em- 

 peror should be erected. It further expresses the wish th.At this statue should 

 be represented in the Imperial costume, to mark that Napoleon is honoured 

 not Jess as a statesman and legislator, than as a warrior. The tomb within 

 the church— nothing, in the presence of God ; «i;hju — the statue— glory, in 

 the s;ght of men. It limits itself to recommending this programme— an open 

 crypt within the Church of the Invalides. an equestrian statue of the Emperor 

 with mf. The French Government have appointed Messrs. 'Visconli and 

 Marochetti to carry out the design ; the first for the architectural and the 

 second for the sculptural. 



Hamhurgh.—Tbe New Exchange, which has been building during the last 

 five years unrler the direction of the architect W'immel, is now finished. The 

 noble simplicity of this edifice renders it one of the greatest ornaments of the 

 city. 



Munich. — Swankhaler has been selected by the King of Bavaria to execute 

 a great work, to be called the " Pantheon of Bavaria." It is to De erected on 

 the hill of Sl Theresa, near Munich. On the summit is to be placed a bronze 

 statue of Bavaria, fifty-nine feet in height, resting on a lion twenty-five feet 

 high. Around, under open colonnades, are to be placed statues of the illus- 

 trious men of Bavaria. 



Russia. — A monument of cast iron in the Byzantine style has been erected 

 at Smolensk, by imperial commaml, in memory of the battles of 1812. It is 

 pl.aced on the Parade Plaz, opposite the King's bastion, which was the point 

 where the battle raged most furiously on the 5th ot August, 1812. The inau- 

 guration took place on the 5th of November last. 



Warsaw. — A monument of cast iron has been erected on the Saxon Plaz, by 

 command of the Emperor of Russia, to the memory of the seven Poles who 

 fell in defence of the Russian power on the 29th of November, 1830. The 

 plan is that of the architect Corazzi, chos' n from among te.i competitors. 

 The octagonal base is of native marble: eight bpmze lions support an iron 

 pedestal, above wdiich are four eagles of gilt bronze, their wings outspread ; 

 a shield is on the breast of each, on which is inscribed amap of Poland , h.^m 

 the pedestal springs an obelisk of cast iron. The octagonal marule base is 

 SOjclls in diameter; the pedestal 81 ells in heiglit by 10 in diameter ; the 

 obelisk 25 ells in height, bin diameter at the base, and 4 at the top. The 

 iron and bronze were both cast in Warsaw. 



LIST or NEW PATENTS. 



GHANTEO IN ENGLAND FROM 25tH FEBRUARY, TO 23rD MaRCH, 1842. 



Six Months allowed for Enrolment. 



William Newton, of the Office for Patents. 66, Chancery-lane, in the 

 county of Middlesex, civil engineer, for " improvemenis in regulating t/ieflow 

 of air and gaseous fluids." A communication. — Sealed February 25. 



Osborne Reynolds, of Belfast, Ireland, clerk, for " improvements in 

 covering streets, roads, and other ways, with wood ; and also in the means of 

 enabling horses and other animals to pass over such roads and other slipperg 

 surfaces, with greater safety than heretofore." — Pel). 25. 



John Birkbv, of Upper Rawfold, card manufacturer, for " improvements 

 in the mamtfacture of wire cards." — Feb. 25. 



William Saunders, of Brighton, Sussex, gent., for " improvements in 

 apparatu-s employed in roasting and baking animal Jood." — Feb. 25. 



Samuel Morand, of Manchester, merchant, for " improvements in ma- 

 chinery or apparatus for stretching fabrics." — Feb. 26. 



Benjamin Gillot, of Great Saffron Hill, cutler, for " improvements in 

 heating and ventilating." — Feb. 2G. 



Marc La Riviere, of London Fields, Hackney, gent., for " improvements 

 in the macliinery for figure weavitig in silk and other fabrics." — March 1 . 



Tbomas Smith, of Northampton, plumber, for " an improvement or im- 

 provements in water closets." — Marcii \. 



George Carter Haseler, of Birmingham, jeweller and toy-maker, for 

 " improvements in the tops of scent bottles." — March 3. 



Edward Slaughter, of Bristol, eugiiieer, for " improvements in the con- 

 struction of iron wheels for railway and other carriages." — March 4. 



James Clements, of Liverpool, manufacturer of toys, for " improvements 

 in composition for ornamenting glass and picture frames, and articles for 



