1842.] 



THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECT'S JOURNAL. 



211 



structcil ■ spcon;i. a sMoml sTslfm of execulion, wliicli imposes on ihe depart- 

 ments traversc-1 by those railways the payment of txo-th'rds of llie value 

 of the erounti to be p.irchased. It likewise enacts that the Government shall 

 nav the remaining third, together with the expense of embankment, the ex- 

 ecutions of norks of art and stations, leaving the cost of fixinij the rai.s and 

 the materUl to the charge of the companies «ho shall undertake to comp.e.e 

 Ihem Third, the allocation of funds amounling together to the sum ot 

 126 obO.OOOf., applicable to the following sections :— 



Francs. 



From Strasburgh io Hommartin 11.500 001) 



,. Dnon to Chalons UOOO.OOO 



„ Marseilles to Avignon 30.000.000 



,. Orleans to Tours IT.COO.OOO 



. Orleans to Vierzon 12,000.000 



;; Paris to Lille 43.000.000 



For sundry expenses 1,. 500.000 



126.000,000 



The entire plan coui-isls of seven vast lines of the first order, setting out from 

 Paris, and leading— 1. To the Belgian frontier through Lille and Valen- 

 cicnne-! 2. To England by one or several | oints on the coast, to be hereafter 

 determined 3. To the German frontier, through Strasburgh. 4. To the 

 Mediterranean, through Lyons. Marseilles, and Cette. 5. To the .Spanish 

 frontier through Rordeau's and Bayonne. 6. To ihe Atlantic Oce.an by 

 Nantes 7- To the centre of France through Vierzon, with a prolongation 

 to be hereafter determined, wi h a branch to Bourges. And of two lines of 

 the second order from frontier to frontier directed— 1. From the Mediterra- 

 near. to ihe Rhine, through Lyons. Dijon, ar.l Melhouse. 2. I'rom the 

 Mediterranean to the Atlantic Ocean, through Bordeaux, Toulouse, and 

 Cette. 



WE'W CHURCHES, &c. 



Mmcirsler.— On Monday. 28ih March, the first stone o^ a new church, 

 situate in Rodney-street. Oldham-road. was laid by Robfit Gardener. Ksq. 

 This church is Ihe fourlh of those now in course of predion by the ■' Asso- 

 ciation for ihe Building and Endowing of Ten Churches in the Boroughs of 

 Manchester and Salf'ord.'' Mr. Richard Tattersall is the architect. The 

 Niirman style of archilecture has been adopted, and both the exterior and 

 inter or of the building will be o( a highly ornamental chara'-ler. The 

 church is in the shape of a parallelogram, whose external dimensions are 

 about 78 feet long by .52 feet wide, with a chancel at the east end about 

 27 feet wide, and projecting 12 feet; at the westerly end there is also a 

 projection about 42 feet wide, and projecting about 20 feet, which contains 

 the entrances to the ground floor and to the galleries, as well as two stair- 

 cases to the latter, betwixt wh-ch. and over the entrances, will be a recess 

 for the organ and choir. The whole exterior of the building will be faced 

 with stone Iron the Summit delphs, wh-ch is to be neatly hammer-dressed, 

 except the ashlar dressings, which are to be neatly tooled. The westerly 

 projection will be flanked by two turrets, terminaling in pyramidal wenthered 

 pinnacles, surmounted by the old Norman cross, at a heif;ht of 66 feet 

 above the level of the street. Betwixt the turrets there will be a boldly 

 recessed arch, supported by small columns. The three chief compartmenis 

 in the west front are surmounted by archivolt mouldings. In the west gable 

 is a moulded opening for a clock dial, this gable terminates with coping. 

 with cheyron cut edges, sustaining a large Norman cross at the apex. 

 Each side of the church is divided into six compartments, nith a light m 

 each ; each compartment is separated by flat buttresses, terminating in 

 moulded weatherings, and a flat segmental arch with billetted mouldings, 

 turnedover each compartment betwixt the buttresses. The chancel stands 

 out quite distinct from the church, being roofed at a lower level, and there 

 will be an eight light circul.nr window in the upper part thereof, and four 

 narrow loop lights in the lower part. The east end of the church will also 

 have a larRe Norman cross on the apex of the coping thereon, and the 

 whole is to be finished to correspond with the west gable. The recess 

 formed at each end of ihe interior of the church by the projections outside, 

 will be divided from it by large eniiched arches similar to the one in the 

 west front. Although the accommodation required, and the amount to be 

 expended, rendered ihe introduction of galleries absolutely necess.ary. great 

 pains hiive been taken to render them as little objectionable as possible ; for 

 this reason the west gallery front will not be carried more than five feet inio 

 the church, so that on entering the same nearly the whole of the interior, 

 together wiih the roof, may be at once seen. On the south side of the west 

 entrance will be the baptistry, wih a Norman foBt, sufficiently large for 

 imraersicm. In the interior of the upper part of the gable at the west end 

 of the church there is a preparation lor a clock dial, to be moved by the 

 same works that move the dial in the west front, and which will also serve 

 for veniilaling the church ; and there will be nn enriched ornament in the 

 east gable to correspond, and also for the purpose of veuiil.iiion. The 

 church will have an open timbered roof; the tie-beam of e.ich truss is 

 thrown up about five Icet aboye tlie lower ends of the principal rafters, 

 where they set down upon th.' side walls, and the space betwixt ihe top side 

 of the beams and the under side of the principal rafters is divided into three 

 compartments, by two queen posts, under which are placed enriched pen- 

 dants, Irom whicli proceed curved and moullel ribs, and are continued 

 down the side walls, until they set down upon the capitals of moulded 

 corbels therein, the top side of the capiials being four feet belo^v the bottom 

 ends of the principal rafters in side walls. To avoid the danger ot any 

 lateral pressure Irom thi» furm of truss, CiUrt-irou bratkels are enclosed 



within the curvel ribs, ami are coniinued a sufficient distance on ilie ti 

 beam, so as eventuallv to convcv the whole weiaht of the roof down upon 

 the stone corljels in the side walf.'s. on which the cast-iron brackets are rdso 

 made to set down. In the centre compartmen!. formed by the quren posts 

 in each truss, will be a semicircular curved rib. bolted to the prircipal 

 r,ifler3. The ci mmon rafters are to be wrcuuht and chamfered, and the 

 s'atp boarding will be wrought on .iccount of being exposed to view. As the 

 pitch of the roof is made to suit the char.Tcler of the building, this mode of 

 finishing will give great arldilion,al height to ihe interior, and add con- 

 siderably to the effect, ?nd at a less cost than the more customary horizontal 

 ceiling. Tlie church will allord sitting?, for 1.07.5 persons; nearly one-half 

 will be free. The entire cost oi the church will be under £3.400. 



/# New Rnman Cnlholic Cathedral is proposed to be erected on a magnificent 

 scale in York. Tli3 ground and buililings have already been purchased, 

 and some of the latter have been pulled down. Upon the site chosen a mo- 

 nastery formerly stood. The ground, which exteniis from tiio Htdy Trinity 

 Church to the Bar, is to he laid out as a crescent, in the centre of which 

 the catbe.lral is to be erected. Mr. Pugin has been selectetl as ihe architect, 

 and the works are to be commenced immediately. 



Incorporated Society for building Clivrclies and Chapth. — .\\ the last meet- 

 ing of this indefat'"able and most useful society, held at their chambers in 

 St° Martin's Place, Trafalgar , Square. Lond n, ill? Lord Bishop of Durham 

 in the chair, the principal business transacted was voting money for the fol- 

 lowing purposes, v'z. : — Towards building a church at Westpncd. Somerset; 

 for bull ling a chapel at Blackgate, Durham : building a church at Llanfy- 

 nidd. Flin;shirc ; building a chapel at Kiddeiminsler, Worcestershire; 

 building a chapel at Durslev . Gloucestershire ; building a chapel at Hard- 

 way. Hampshire; rebuilding the Church at Llanamore. D.-nbighshire ; to- 

 wards enl irging the church at Arlington. Devon ; for enlarging by rebuild- 

 ing the cburchat Basford. V/arw'ckshirc ; towards repairing the churi h at 

 Holme; Yorkshire : towards buibling a gallery in and repe-,i ing ilie church 

 at South Lvnn. Norfolk ; repainng the church at Bradford Abbns. Dorset ; 

 building a chapel at Crook. Durhcim : cnlargins the church at Burgbfiel;l, 

 Berkshire; enlarging ths clupelai Newton Heath, Manchester; being in 

 all sixteen grants, amounting to several thousanl poun Is, all supplied by 

 voluntary subscriptions to enlarge the means of spiritual insltuction, chiefly 

 by increasing free sittings. 



Calcutta Cathedral— 1\k Bishop of Calcutta has forwarded to the Society 

 for promoting Christian Knowledge a report, in «hich will be found much in- 

 teresting matter relative to thi- cathedral in ciurse of erection in that 

 diocese. The bishop says. " It is hoped that in little more than two years 

 from tlie" present time, perhaps on the feast of the Epiphany. 1844. thfr 

 cathedral may be rea ly tor consecration. The style ot archilecture ori;.'inally 

 proposed has been adhered to, except where the climate and soil o,' Bengal 

 hive interfered. It is Gothic, mollified by the circumstances just alluded to ; 

 that is, Iiido-Gothic. The extreme length of ihe building, i: eluding the but- 

 tresses, will be 247 feet, and its width SI feet, and at the transepts 114 feet. 

 The height of the tower and spire from ihe grouml will be 201 If et, and of 

 the walls to the top of the battlements .59 feet. The internal dimensions of 

 the main body of th? cathedral will be 127 'eel in length by 61 feel, the 

 height 47 feet. The 127 ftet will prob.ably be subdivided into a choir, a 

 cha'ncel, and a holy table precinct. The body of the calhedrrl. if full oewed, 

 will accommodate about 800 persons, and it galleries should be added here- 

 after, and chairs occasionally placed in the aisles, as is done in all Calcutta 

 churches on the great festivals. 1300 or 1400. The tranjepts also, lantem,- 

 and western verandah, should ihey ever le wanted fi;r congregations of cate- 

 chumens or Sunday schools, woul I furnish above 400 additUnal seats. The 

 capdcity of the cathedral will not be less, therefore, than for 1700 persons. 

 But the arrangement of the sittings will be ruled by circumstances ; nd the 

 convenience of the congregation, as all the stalls, pulpits, reading-desks, 

 pew s, and benches are intended to be moveable. 



raiSCELIiANE A. 



A NEW CEMENT, A SUBSTITUTE FOR GLUE AND CAULKING. 



Amongst the numerous inventions submitted to the Lords Commissioners of 

 the Admiralty, and referred by their Lordships to the comirittee of master 

 shipwrights recently sitting at Woolwich dockyard, was a composition to be 

 used in place of the substance with which vessels are at present caulked to 

 render them water-tight. The experiments ordered to be made by tl e mas- 

 ter shipwrights to ascertain its value when applied to the purpose for which 

 it is intended, and the result, are interesting and satisfactory. Two pieces 

 of African teak, a species of wood difficult to be joiued together by glue, on 

 account of its oily nature, had a coating of the composition applied to them 

 in a boiling state, and in a short time afterwards bolts and screws were at- 

 tached to each end. the joined wood placed in the testing-frame, and the 

 power of Bramah's hydraulic engine applied to the extent of 19 tons, when 

 the chain broke without the slightest strain being perceptible where tlie jom- 

 in" took place. A larger chain of one inch and a half in diameter was then 

 applied, which broke with a strain of 21 tons, the joict in the wood remain- 

 ing apparently as firm as at first. The utmost strain the cement can hejir in 

 this form, therefore, remains to be proved when experiments are made with 

 larger chains. Four pieces of hard wood were then joined logctlicr, weigh- 

 in" in one piece 44 cwt., and carried to the top of the shears in the dock- 

 yard, a hei-ht of 76 feet, from which it was precipitated on the bard granite 

 wharf wall° belovr, without any of the joints yielding in the bmaUei.t 

 degree. The results of these »evere tests induced the Lorda Com- 



