1842.] 



THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECT'S JOURNAL. 



329 



receive lights from the lantern above. The inner part of the dome is 

 decorated with paintings by Sir James Thornhill, although Wren 

 ■wished mosaic to have been employed. The dome of the Pantheon 

 it is observed,* is no higher within than its diameter ; the dome of 

 St. Peter's is two diameters, the one appears too high and the other 

 too low, Wren has taken the mean, showing a concave every way, 

 and lighted by the windows of the upper order. Above the inner 

 dome again, in order to carry the lantern with which the cathedral is 

 adorned, (said to weigh 700 tons,) Wren has introduced a brick cone, 

 two bricks thick, and having every five feet high a course of bricks 

 eighteen inches long, bonding it throughout the entire thickness ; 

 and on which is constructed the exterior of the dome, which is chiefly 

 of wood. A want of ornament is observable in the interior, and those 

 introduced are not in good taste, favouring too much of Sir Chris- 

 topher's studies at Paris. Beneath the whole cathedral is a crypt. 



We may observe here, that some doubt may be expressed as to 

 James IT. having interfered to alter the original plan, for in that plan 

 the circular walk round the centre provided amplv for processions 

 and the pomp of worship. 



The following are the comparative dimensions of St. Peter's and 

 St. Paul's. 



St. Peter's. St. Paul's, 

 feet. feet. 



Length of church and porch . 729i' 500 



Length within . . . 6G9 500 



Breadth within the doors of the 



porlicos . . . 510 240 



Breadth at the entrance . . 226 100 



Breadth of the front without . 395 180 



Breadth at the cross . . 442 223 



External diameter of the cupola . 1S9 145 



Inner ditto ... 139 108 



Height from the ground without to / 437 ) f 340 



to the top of the cross . \ 432 / \ 330 



Height of tlie church . . 14G 110 



Height of columns in front . 91 40 



In 1G75 the Royal Observatory at Greenwich (No. 40) was begun 

 on the site of an ancient tower, and in 1676 it was finished. 



In 1G75, St. Michael's, Wood Street, (No. 14,) was rebuilt. Its 

 interior forms a large and well lighted parallelogram, with an orna- 

 mented coved ceiling. The exterior of the east end presents four 

 Ionic pilasters on a stylobate, supporting an entablature or basement, 

 and having three circular-headed windows in the intercolumniations. 

 Length within 63 feet, breadth 42, height 31. Height of tower, 

 90 feet. 



In 1676, Wren built St. Stephen's, Coleman Street, the interior of 

 which presents nothing remarkable. The length of the church is 

 75 feet, breadth 35 feet, height 24 feet. Height of tower, 65 feet. 



St. Magnus the Martyr, London Bridge, (No. 12,) was built in 1G7G, 

 and the steeple in 1705. On the top of the square tower, is intro- 

 duced an octagon lantern, crowned with a cupola and short spire. 

 The interior is divided into a nave and ailes by Ionic columns. The 

 ceiling is camerated. The interior is 90 feet long, 59 broad, and 

 41 high. 



St. Michael's, Bassishaw, was begun in 1676, and finished in 1679, 

 and is a plain, substantial building. The inner dimensions are 70 feet 

 long, 50 feet broad, and 42 feet high. The interior is divided by 

 Corinthian columns into two ailes. 



St. Mildred's, Poultry, vras built 167G, and presents nothing remark- 

 able in its interior. It cost .£1564 9s. 7ld. Its length is 56 feet, 

 •width 42 feet, and height 36 feet. The height of the tower is 

 75 feet. 



St. James's, Garlickhithe, (No. 57), was begun in 1G76 and finished 

 in 1G83. The interior consists of a nave and side ailes, formed by Ionic 

 columns on high plinths. The length of the church is 75 feet, breadth 



'' Library of Useful Knowledge, Life of Wren. 

 t See Mr. Godwin's note on this, p. 47. 



45, and height 40. The height of the tower, 93 feet. The cost of 

 the church was £5357 12s. lOi. 



St. Nicholas Cole Abbey, (No. 31,) Fish Street Hill, was built in 

 1677. The interior is well proportioned, with Corinthian pilasters 

 against the walls, and the ceiling divided into panels. The interior 

 length is 63 feet, width 43 feet, and height 36 feet. The height of 

 the steeple is 135 feet. 



St. Mildred's, Bread Street, was rebuilt between 1677 and 1683. 

 The interior is remarkable as being entirely covered with a large and 

 highly enriched cupola or dome, formed within the external roof by 

 means of slight deal ribs attached to the principal timbers, and 

 lathed and plastered. The length is 62 feet, breadth 36 feet, and 

 height 40 feet. 



In 1677, was built St. Mary, Aldermanbury. It is 72 feet long 

 45 feet broad, and 38 feet high; divided into a nave and ailes, by 

 composite columns, presenting six intercolumniations, and bearing 

 an entablature. The ceiling of the nave is wagon-headed. 



St. Michael's, Queenhithe, (Nos. 16 and 25.) was built in 1C77, 

 and is 71 feet long, 40 feet broad, 39 feet high, and the tower and 

 spire 135 feet high. 



St. Bride's, Fleet Street, (No. 3,) was built in 1680, and cost 

 £11,430. The steeple was completed in 1703, (the first stone having 

 been laid in 1701.) It is 226 feet high. The two lower stories of 

 the spire, which rises from a grand tower, are Tuscan, the third Ionic, 

 and the fourth composite. From this latter springs the tower. The 

 exterior of the east end of the church is neat, and the dressings of 

 the great window in a bold style. The interior of the church is ap- 

 proached by a porch within the tower, and a vestibule beneath the. 

 organ gallery. An arcade of coupled Tuscan columns on either side 

 divides the area into nave and ailes. The ceiling is arched. The 

 recess at the east end forming the chance!, is richly decorated. The 

 inner length of the church is 99 feet, breadth 58 feet, and height to 

 the crown of the arch 48 feet 6 inches.* 



St. Swithin's, London Stone, was built in IGSO. The ceiling of the 

 church is formed into an octagon cupola, springing from half columns 

 against the walls, and one whole column before the organ gallery. 

 The church is 61 feet long, 42 wide, and 40 high. Tower and spire 

 150 feet high. 



In IGSO, Wren began, and in 1682 finished, the church of St. Cle- 

 ment Danes in the Strand. He contributed his exertions to this 

 building gratuitously. The interior, richly decorated, has a camerated 

 roof, supported with Corinthian columns. The south front of the 

 building has a circular portico of six Ionic columns. The dimensions 

 are, length 9G feet, breadth 63 feet, height 48 feet. The height of 

 the tower is about 116 feet. 



St. Anne and St. Agnes, Aldersgate Street, was also built in 1680. 

 The interior, 53 feet by 53 feet, and 35 feet high, is divided into a 

 large square in the centre by four Corinthian columns. 



St. Mary Aldennary, Bow Lane, (No. 37,) is in the florid style, and 

 is supposed to be a copy of the old building. It cost £5000, contri- 

 buted by Henry Rogers, Esq. The interior consists of a nave, two 

 ailes, and a chancel. The bell tower is divided by string courses into 

 four stories, and terminates with an open parapet; the octagon turrets 

 at the four angles are panelled to the whole height, and surmounted 

 with carved finials. "The length of the church is 100 feet, breadth 

 63 feet, height 43 feet. The tower is 27 feet square, and 135 feet 

 high. It was built in 1681. 



St. Antholine, Watling Street, (No. 41,) was built in 1632, at an 

 expense of £5700. The interior is covered with an oval shaped dome, 

 worthy of observation. The length of the church is 66 feet, breadth 

 54 feet, and height 44 feet. The steeple is 154 feet high. 



St. Augustine's, Watling Street, (No. 5,) was built in 1682, and 

 finished the 23id Sept., 1GS3; the steeple in 1695. The interior 

 is small, divided into a nave and ailes by Ionic columns, bearing a 

 wagon-headed ceiling. The dimensions of the church are 51 feet 

 long, 45 broad, and 30 high. 



Chelsea Hospital (No. 48) was begun in 1682, and finished in 1690. 



* See an Engraving in the Journal, vol. 3, p. 329. 



