400 



THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECTS JOURNAL. 



[December, 



Piston Rodi, (i in. diam. = 2S'27 in. area, say about -^ of cylin- 

 der's area. 



Connecting Rods, (ij in. diam. ends, and 7i middle, say GJ. m 33" 18 

 area, or about an J^ more, than piston rods. 



Length of Rod, is S ft. 2 in. Shaft being 19 ft. ;> in. from top of 

 floor timbers of slup. 



.,1tr pumps, section not shown on drawing, but appear to be 37 in. 

 diam. = 7'4Glj ft. area X 2-5 stroke = iS-60 cubic ft. content per 

 stroke. 



Cylinders 643 diam. = 22.70 ft. area x 5 ft. =r 113-5 cu. ft. con- 



tents, and 



113-5 



18Mi6 



:= six times the air pump. 



CowrfCTSfO-s, each engine separate, 10ft. 10 long X Oft. 3 X 2 ft. 8 deep 

 = 180 cu. ft., but deducting slides, air pumps, foot valves, &c., the con- 

 tent is 100 cu. ft., or 50 for each engine, or ^ of a ft. per horse, and 



for air pump, — = 3-7 times its contents. 



Shafts are 1 lA in. diam. at necks, and bearing 13 in. long, the 

 centre, bearing a crank to work air pump, is 15 in. diam. by 6 in. long. 



Slide Valves. Thoroughfares or ports, 5 in. X 24 in. ^ 120 in. 

 area. 



Hot Water Cistern, is 2 ft. 10 in. wide, 3 ft. 11 in. long, and 4 ft. 

 1 in. high, contents 45-3 cu. ft. less exhausting passages = 35-7 ft. 



true contents. Air pump contents 18-6G ft. we have :r^~ ^ 1-92 



times, say twice the contents of air pump. 



Waste Water Pipes, 9 in. diam., the hot water cisterns acting as an 

 air vessel. 



ColunDis, wrought iron 7 in. diam. at bottom and 5 in. at top. 

 Lower columns, cast iron, 10 in. diameter. Space occupied is IS-G 

 athwart, and li- 1 fore and aft, the width of cylinders. Air pumps 

 being in centre line of ship, thus, 



IS-Gby G-4 = 117-2 sq.ft. 

 Air pumps 4 ft. 8 in. X G-6 = 30-4 „ 



147-G sq. ft. 



Mr. Joseph Miller's Direct Action Engine, published June 1842, 

 p. 177, vol. 5. 



Cylinder, G5 in. diam. (331S-31 in. area) 5 ft. stroke, 21g strokes or 

 215 ft. per minute, power 151-33 horses. 



thus 



3318-31 X 7 X215 



= 151-33 X 2 = 302-GG h.p. 



33000 



Piston Rods, 6 in. diam. = 28-27 area, less than -^ of cylinder. 



Connecting Rods, 6(j in. diam. at end, and 7^ in. at middle, say Gi, 

 =: 33-18 in. area, or about J more than piston rod. Length of rods, 

 8 ft. 6 in. Shaft, 19 ft. G in. from floor timbers. 



^lir Pumps, 30 in. diam., (70680 in. area, or 4-90 ft.) and 2 ft. G in. 

 stroke ; 4-90 ft. X 2-5 = 12-25 cu. ft. contents. Cylinder = 23-04 



sq.ft.X j'O = )15-20c.ft. contents, and " ^^9-4 times the air pump. 



Condenser, each engine separate, 3 ft. 2 in. wide x 2 ft. 6 in. fore 

 and aft, and 4 ft. G in. high contents := 35 cu. ft. for each engine, 



35 35 



and -— = -233 of a foot per horse, and -r; ,. = 2-S5 times the 



contents of air pump. 



Shafts (as far as drawing shows) are 12 in. diam. by 14 in. bearing. 



Slide openings, 24 in. long, depth not shown, hollow slide, exhaust- 

 ing between the two faces, steam given at top and bottom. 



Hot Water Cistern, 2 ft. 3 in. wide, 1 ft. 4 in. fore and aft by 1 ft. 

 8 in. deep. Contents = 5 cu. ft., or half air pump's content. 



Waste Water Pipes, 12 inches diam. =: 113 in. area, say — 



1 lO 



= -r-T part of air pump's area. 



Hot Water Pumps, 6 in. or Gi in. diam. and about 21 in. stroke. 



Columns of wrought iron, 5 in. diaui. bolted to the top flange of 

 cylinder, and not proceeding to their bases. 



Space occupied is marked S ft. by 18 ft. G in., but over the feeding 

 pumps and slides it measures 9 ft. 3 in., and athwart over tlie steam 

 pipes and expansion valves it is 19 ft. G in., according to tlie di- 

 mensions marked 8 ft. X 18 ft. G in. ^= 148 ft. superficial. 



Mr. Peter Borries Engines, Diinda, designed Nov. \&\\ , puhUslud 

 July 1^42,;;. 213, vol. 5. 



Cylinder 71 in. diam. (3959-2 in. area) and 5-G stroke, 22 li ft. or 

 19i strokes per minute =: 186 horses each, or 372 H.P. for bot : en- 



,, 3959-2x7x221-5 ,^,, ^. „., 



gines, thus ^ = ISG h.p. X 2 ^ 3*2 h p. 



^ 33,000 



Mr. Borrie calls the collective power of the two engines 352 H.p., 

 at 210 ft. per minute, and 71b. pressure; and further says, supposing 

 pressure 8-51b. and 210 ft. = 426 h.p. We suspect these data to be 

 taken from the government contracts, probably coined at the Wool- 

 wich mint ; as we prefer the authority of the late James Watt, we 

 have followed his system, his proportions and pressure. 



Piston Rods. 7 in. diam. or about -^ the cylinder's diameter. 



Connecting Rods, 7 in. diam. at end, and 9 in. in the middle, say 7 in. 

 area = 38-48 or same as the piston rod. 



Length of t/ie Rod, is 8 ft. 4 in. only, shaft being 21 ft. 3 in. from 

 floor. 



./lir Pump, is peculiar and novel in its application only, being De- 

 sagulier's double action pump, ' solid piston, valves and side pipes. 

 Its diameter is 48 in. and 2 ft. stroke. We liave 48 in. = 12-56 area 



151-195 



X 2 = 25-12 contents, and —- — - = f contents of the cvliuder. 



2o-12 



Condenser, one for both engines, as well as one air pump; it is 7 ft. 



wide, by 7 ft. long, and 7-5 high = 367-5 total contents. Deducting 



225 



air pipes and valves, &c., its true contents is 225 cu. ft., and ; 



=: -GO of a foot per 



225 



372 



horse, and x^--,=: 9 times the air pump, and 

 2.'5-12 



- ^= 4-5 times, supposing two air pumps, or one half to each engine. 



Shafts, bearings are shown 15.5 in. diam., and 22 in. long, or 1 to 

 1-4 of the diam., or about 3 in. larger in diam. than the proportions 

 of the engines before detailed. 



Slide Valves, are circular, 19 in. diam., ports 30 in. long, by 7 in. 

 deep, =: 225 in area. 



Expansion Slidts, are very simple and effective, its motion very 

 small, and worked without noise. 



Hot JFater Cistern, is 12 in. fore and aft, 6 ft. high, and 4 ft. G in. 

 wide, = 27-0 cu. ft., or for each engine = 13-5 cu. ft. or about half 

 the air pump. 



Waste Water Pipes, and hot water pipes, not clearly shown. 



Columns, lower, of cast iron like J'lrago engine, and same diam. := 

 10 in., top part is a cast iron framing of tolerable design, heavy, 

 though firm. We observe a good arrangement — the means of re- 

 moving and replacing tlie steel strips in the cylinder guides, which 

 soon wear from the great pressure. All engines of this class (with 

 guides) should be so made. 



Space occupied, is 10 ft. G in. from back of cylinder to face of ex- 

 pansion slide, and 12 ft. 3 in. over the steam pipes, and 22-6 from out 

 to out transversely, being a rectangle of that size, or say 236-25 ft. 



We have now analysed each of the five engines separately w ithout 

 drawing any comparison between them, or oflfering any comment or 

 observation on their construction, or the adaptation of the direct 

 action engines for vessels of the tirst rate class, such as are now being 

 constructed by Governnjent. Our only object fcr the present was 

 sim; ly to ascertain their relative proportions, and which we now pro- 

 pose to give in a tabular form. 



' To be seen ai the 8oiiihwark Water Works and S:. Katharine's Docks ; 

 particularly the fitter, there ueing six pumps of this i escriplion worked by 

 tHu aU horse enyu.es, ereclcil t^j Boullou :.ud Walt m IS28. 



