262 



LEPIDOPTERA. 



willow. The pupa is known by a thin, almost circular, projec- 

 tion standing out from its back. The young larvae winter in 

 cases "composed of the leaf of the willow, on which the larva 

 feeds, neatly joined by its longest opposite margins, so as to 

 form a cylindrical tube closed at one end and lined with silk." 

 (Trouvelot.) L. Ephestion Stoll is blue black, with three black 

 lines on the hind edges, and just within the outer border is a 

 row of orange colored spots. It lives on the scrub-oak (Quercus 

 ilicifolia) in June, and also on the whortleberry and the cherry. 

 Limenitis Artliemis Drury is smaller and has an oblique, broad, 

 white band, crossing both wings. It is common in the White 

 and Adirondack Mountains, where it is double brooded, ap- 

 pearing late 

 in June, and 

 again late in 

 August. 



The superb 

 and regal ge- 

 nus Morplio 

 is the Atlas 

 among but- 

 terflies. The 

 broad wings 



Fie. 189.* -, 



spread nearly 



six inches, and are usually of a brilliant blue above, and brown 

 beneath, with eye-like spots. Morplio Menelaus Linn., from 

 Brazil, expands five and a half inches. M. Polyphemus Chenu 

 is a Mexican species. M. Epistrophis Hiibner is of a delicate 

 pale green, with two rows of lunate brown spots on the hind 

 wings. The apex of the fore-wings is brown, and the discal 

 spot is connected with the brown costa. It inhabits Brazil. 



The genus Satyrus, and its allies, Chionobas, HipparcMa and 

 Neonympha, are wood brown and ornamented, especially be- 

 neath, with eye-like spots, and have the wings entire, with the 

 veins of the fore-wings swelled at their base, and the discal 

 area open on the hind wings. They have a short, quick, jerky 

 flight. The caterpillars are green and smooth, spindle-shaped, 

 or cylindrical, tapering at both ends ; the hind end is notched, 



*FiG8. 189, 190 and 198, are from Tenney's Zoology. 



