356 LEPIDOPTERA. 



are not half as long as the fore wings, which are rather broad 

 while the hind pair are lanceolate. 



"The larvae mine very narrow serpentine patfcs in the inte- 

 rior of leaves, the mine being always on the upper surface. 

 They vary much in form, being sometimes a slender galley or 

 line, either simple, or enlarged towards the end into a blotch. 

 When the larva is full-fed it quits the mine, cutting for this 

 purpose the separated cuticle, in order to weave a minute co- 

 coon." (Clemens.) JV. corylifoliella Clemens mines the hazel. 

 N. platanella Clemens mines the button- wood tree, or syca- 

 more, and N.. amelanchierella Clemens mines the leaves of the 

 June berry in June and July. 



PTEROPHORID^E Latreille. The small group of Plume-moths 

 may be at once known by their fissured and plumed wings. 

 The body is long and slender, with long antennae and legs. 

 They are the lowest moths, the long slender abdomen and fis- 

 sured wings being marks of degradation. The larvae have six- 

 teen legs and are rather hairy. They form no cocoon, but, 

 fastening themselves by the tail to a leaf or stem, shed their 

 larva-skins and appear in the pupa state. Some of the pupae 

 are nearly as hairy as the larvae, others are quite naked. Most 

 of the larvae feed in the early summer months, and the perfect 

 insects appear rather later, though some may be seen in spring. 

 (Stainton, Manual of British Butterflies and Moths.) 



In Pteropliorus the hind margin of the 'fore wing is more or 

 less deeply cleft, while the hind wings are almost divided into 

 three separate slender lobes or plumes. The larvae live in the 

 flowers and stems as well as on the leaves of plants. P. peri- 

 scelidactylus Fitch (Plate 8, fig. 23 ; a, larva ; 6, pupa, enlarged) 

 is tawny yellow, the fore wings having three large white spots 

 and two bands beyond ; the outer line is thread-like, the inner 

 line being much broader on the costal division of the wing, re- 

 appearing at the base of the split in the wing, and below 

 extending out to the lower half of the outer line. The hind 

 wings are darker brown than the rest of the moth, while the 

 third and shortest division of the wing is white, but brown at 

 the end, with the fringe on the outer fourth of the wing still 

 darker brown. The legs are white with tufts of brown scales 



