586 NBUEOPTEKA. 



bulbs to secure uniformity in the current. The atomizing glass 

 tubes and the bottle which usually accompany the apparatus 

 are unnecessary: a common narrow-necked two ounce bottle 

 will serve perfectly to hold the fluid." 



The aquatic larvae and pupae can easily be reared in aquaria 

 in jars and tumblers, taking care that the weaker species are 

 separated from those more powerful and bloodthirsty. The 

 little Entomostraca, or water-fleas, serve as food for many of 

 the smaller species. With very little care many species can be 

 raised in this way, and so little is known of their transforma- 

 tions that figures and descriptions would be of great value. 

 The interesting and varied habits of the different families can 

 be also easily noted. They can be called summer insects, since 

 few are found late in the fall or early in the spring, though 

 several Per li dee, Hemerobius, Boreus and several species of 

 Phryganeids are found ere the snow has gone in the spring, 

 and a few species of the latter family are found in November. 



TERMITID^E Leach. The White Ants in the different grades 

 of individuals, and their complex economy, foreshadow the for- 

 micaries of the ant and the hive of the bee. The bodies of the 

 winged individuals are shaped somewhat like that of the ant, 

 but they differ in the long, narrow, straight, finely net-veined 

 wings, the costa of which is remarkably straight, while both 

 wings are equal in shape and size, with the veins arranged in 

 the same manner in both. The head is of moderate size, hori- 

 zontal ; the eyes are rather small, globose, and between them 

 are two ocelli, the third and more anterior one being nearly 

 obsolete. The antennae are short, with about twenty joints, 

 and the mandibles are small triangular, with fine teeth on the 

 cutting, or inner edge. The abdomen is ovate and shorter 

 than in the Neuroptera generally. In all these points, as well 

 as in their habits, the white ants are the most perfectly organ- 

 ized of the Neuroptera. They are more cephalized, their 

 bodies are developed more headwards, and their intelligence 

 and remarkable instincts ally them also, intellectually, with the 

 most perfect of insects, the Bees, Wasps and Ants. Thus in 

 the lowest suborder of insects we find features which strikingly 

 remind us of the highest insects. Nature constantly repeat- 



