620 NEUROPTERA. 



allied to that described above. They differ in being a little 

 larger and more hairy. The case is similar, though with a 

 rough exterior. The pupa (Fig. 614, a, antennae, curved back 

 behind the eyes ; Z, labrum ; m, mandibles ; mp, maxillary palpi ; 

 to, wings) of this Nicaraguan larva is curved in a slightly 

 spiral manner, the antennae are curved over and behind the 

 eyes, reaching to the seventh abdominal ring ; the maxillary 

 palpi are laid backwards on the side of the thorax, and the 

 labial palpi lie between them, though diverging from each 

 other. The wings are pressed to the body under the legs, 

 the latter being fringed with long hairs. On the end of the 

 abdomen are two slender tubercles ending in fine hairs, and 

 alike on both sides, the pupa, like the larva, being symmetri- 

 cal throughout. The larvae seem to live in clear water on a 

 sandy bottom, often attached to submerged sticks, 

 unio shells, etc. 



In Leptocerus the antennae of the males are ex- 

 tremely long ; tibial spurs thus : 2, 2, 2. L. niger 

 Linn, is black, shining, with black hair ; the antennae 

 are black, the basal half annulated with snow-white, 

 while the basal joint is reddish ; the feet are luteous, 

 the intermediate ones being snow-white, while the 

 Fig. 615. anterior wings are steel-blue black, and the hind 

 wings blackish. It is found in Europe and the United States. 

 Fig. 615 represents, Dr. Hagen informs me, a case of either 

 this species or L. sepulchralis Walker, or else a similar species. 

 The larva builds a thin, long, conical, sandy tube supported 

 between two needles of the pine. The specimens figured were 

 found by Rev. E. C. Bolles at Westbrook, Maine. 



In Setodes the species are snow-white ; the spurs are ar- 

 ranged thus : 0, 2, 2. S. Candida Hagen is pale j^ellow, with 

 the anterior wings snowy white. It occurs in the Southern 

 States. McLachlan states that "some species 

 of Setodes make delicate little tubes, entirely 

 formed of a silky secretion, without any mix- 

 Fig. GIG. ture of extraneous matters." Fig. 616 repre- 

 sents a tube of a European species of Setodes formed of sand. 

 In Hydropsyche and allies the ocelli are three in number, or 

 entirely wanting, while the last division of the maxillary palpi 



