FINCHES, SPARROWS, ETC. 273 



a. Throat and breast black, brown, or slate-color, sharply defined 

 from the white belly. 



a 1 . Breast black or brown ; sides rufous .... 587. TOWHEE. 

 a 3 . Breast slate-color; sides the same, or brownish. 



567. JUNCO. 5670. CAROLINA JUNCO. 



b. Throat and belly more or less yellow or ashy. 

 i. Wing over 4-00 ; bill stout, greenish yellow. 



514. EVENING GROSBEAK. 

 6 a . Bill small and sharp ; back brown ; throat yellowish. 



529. GOLDFINCH ( ? and im.). 

 J3. Body bright yellow, cap black . . 529. GOLDFINCH ( $ ad.). 



c. Under parts pure white, middle of back black. 



534. SNOWFLAKE. 

 B. Back streaked with black, brown, or white. 



a. Bend of the wing yellow ; tail under 2-20. 



546. GRASSHOPPER SPARROW. 



b. Breast black or blackish ; lesser wing-coverts reddish brown. 



539. McCowN's LONGSPUR <$. 



c. Breast buffy ; belly whitish ; outer tail-feathers white, next three 

 or four more or less white with a black band at the end ; seconda- 

 ries not entirely white 539. McCowN's LONGSPUR $ . 



d. Under parts entirely light brown or buffy, only two outer tail- 

 feathers white; no yellow on the bend of the wing. 



537. SMITH'S LONGSPUR. 



e. Under parts pure white, with a blackish spot on the center of the 

 breast, a black stripe on the sides of the throat; sides of the 

 crown and ear-coverts chestnut .... 552. LARK SPARROW. 



/. Wing slightly over 4'00; under parts pure white or washed with 

 rusty ; head and rump white or rusty ; most of secondaries white. 



534. SNOWFLAKE. 



2. Tail without large white spots or patches. 

 A. Back plain, without distinct streaks. 



a. Back blue, bluish, or brownish blue. 



a 1 . Wing over 3 - 00 ; lesser wing-coverts chestnut or with broad 

 chestnut tips 597. BLUE GROSBEAK. 



a a . Wing under 3-00 ; lesser wing-coverts blue or bluish, tipped 

 with light brown 598. INDIGO BUNTING. 



b. Back green or greenish, or rump yellow or greenish yellow. 

 b 1 . Mandibles not crossed. 



6 a . Back greenish 601. FAINTED BUNTING $ . 



b 3 . Back and under parts slaty gray ; bill black. 



515. PINE GROSBEAK ( 9 and im.). 



b*. Forehead, rump, under parts, and scapulars yellow or brown- 

 ish yellow; secondaries white; bill yellow. 



514. EVENING GROSBEAK $ . 

 c 1 . Mandibles crossed. 

 c 2 . Wing-bars white .... 522. WHITE-WINGED CROSSBILL. 



c 8 . Without white wing-bars 521. AM. CROSSBILL. 



19 



