APPENDAGES TO THE STAMEX COIAMX 



G9 



Dorsal Appendages.— Instead of the base, tlie back of the connective 

 may l)e api)cii(Ia<;c(l. It may become expanded into a disk-like form 

 over the backs of the thecae, as in Gratiola (Fig. 1()7). The backs of 

 the anthers may be excavated to receive it, as in Aloe (Fig. 108), or it 

 may be ap})en(higed in any other direction. 



Apical Appendages. — Appendages of any form may devek)p at its 

 ai)cx. In tlie Compositae these are frequently triangular, as in Eupa- 

 toriuvi (Fig. 109, a), or lance-shaped. In the Asariim (Fig. 170) it is 

 an awn, while in the Violet (Fig. 171) it is sail-shaped. Sometimes 

 it is formed like a feather (Plumose). 



Fig. 165. Forked connective, one of the thecae aborted. IGG. The same as in Audibertia, with one 

 of the branches aborted. 167. Anther of Gratiola, the connective expanded into a saucer-shaped disk. 

 168. Anther of Aloe, the connective hollowed to receive the filament. 169. Anther of Eupatorium, 

 the connective bearing a terminal appendage. 170. The same, as in Asarum. 171. The same, as in 

 Viola. 172. Anther of Vaccitiium, the thecae extended into awns and bearing also dorsal awns. 173. 

 Monadelplious filaments of Alternanthera bearing fimbriate appendages in the sinuses. 



Appendages to the Thecae. — It remains to be pointed out that the 

 thecae themselves may be similarly appendaged at any part. Fig. 133 

 displays caudae, or tails, which are found in a great variety of forms. 

 In Fig. 154, a, Alae, or wings, are illustrated. Dorsal spurs or claws 

 (Calcaria) frequently occur and are also often borne at the top. Apical 

 awns to the thecae, forked and pore-bearing at the summit, as well as 

 dorsal awns, are also shown in Fig. 172. 



Appendages to the Stamen-column. — The stamen-column itself is 

 subject to reinarkai)le and characteristic appendaging, with or without 

 connection with an adnate disk. Ordinarily, the summit of the stamen- 

 tube terminates at the beginning of the distinct i)ortion of the stamens, 

 but sometimes, as very generally in the Amaranthaccae (Fig. 173), it 

 is continued ui)ward in the sinuses of the anthers, and this j)()rti()ii may 

 be lobed and appendaged in the most beautiful manner. 



Stamens which extend beyond the margin of the coiojla are called 

 Exserted or Plxsert. This term is also ai)plieable to any organ which 

 projects beyond the perigone. 



