THE SCIIIZOCARP 



119 



cells all enclosed in a single sarcocarp, bnt each seed possessing its own 

 putaiuen. Each jiiitamen with its own seed is then called a Pyrena or 

 Pyrene. Familiar illustrations of the tyi)ical drupe among medicinal 

 plants are the ])rune, sumach and pepper, and of the several-celled 

 form that of the RJiamnus, (Fig. 331) and the Phytolacca. As in most 

 classes of fruits, we find liere a gradation into other classes, most com- 

 monly into the Schizocarp. A peculiar fruit, in its general structure 

 related to the drupe, is the so-called legume of the tamarind, which 

 possesses an exocarp similar to that of a pepo, a distinct edible sarco- 

 carp and a crustaceous endocarp or putamen containing several seeds 

 (Fig. 307). 



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33X. 



JJJ. 



Fig. 329. The hesperidium (lemon). 330. Sehizocarp of Urena. 331. Compound drupe, with 

 detached pyrena, of Rhamnus. 332. Transverse section of a pepo. 333. The drupe (plum). 334. 

 Dicarpellary sehizocarp of Labiatae. 



The Psrrena (Fig. 331).- — (Already considered under Drupe.) 



The Drupelet (Fig. 305, a). — Diifers from the Fyrcna in that it pos- 

 sesses not only its own separate putamen, but a sei)arate sarcocarp as 

 well. It is one of many small (Irui)es belonging to an aggregate or 

 multiple fruit. 



The Pome (Fig. 308). — A fleshy fruit with a tliin chartaceous or cartil- 

 aginous putamen. It is several-celled. The term is commonly restricted 

 to fruits related to the ai)i)le. 



The Sehizocarp (Figs. 2SS, 3.'>0, and 334). — The typical sehizocarp 

 should be delined as a fruit which divides septicidally at maturity into 

 one-seeded carpels. Because, however, schizocarps frequently vary in 

 the constancy and completeness with which they undergo this process, 

 they are defined as "divisible," rather than "dividing." There are, 

 moreover, cases in which they divide into one-seeded ])arts of cari)els. 

 The comprehensive definition, therefore, should be "dry fruits septi- 



