IGG 



CLASSIFICATION OF ROOTS AND STEMS 



others become foliaceous later and de\'elop into branches of the ordinary 

 form (Fig. 454). 



For the purpose of cHmbing, they may become cirrhose, that is, 

 converted into Tendrils. The tendril may consist of the apex of the 



^6. 



Illustrating modified stems: Fig. 453. Branch converted into thorn. 4.54. The same becoming leafy. 

 455. Branch of Strychnos, becoming a tendril. 456. Stem of Lemma, modified like a leaf. 457. 

 Branches of a species of Asparagus, modified as leaves. 458. Condensed stems of Opuntia. 459. 

 Branches of Ampelopsis metamorphosed into disks. 460. Branches of Phyllanthus, modified like 

 leaves, but flower-bearing. 



primary stem (Fig. 431), or one of the branches may become the tendril, 

 as in Strychnos (Fig. 455). In the latter case the tendril will stand in 

 the axil between leaf and stem; in the former it will stand upon the 

 opposite side of the stem from the leaf, for reasons already explained. 

 A stem may instead become converted into a sucking disk, as in the 



