1, 2, 3, show the thickness of wall and sole full size at points indicated. 

 The inner or solt parts of the wall (not represented as clearly by the en- 

 graver as it should be) represents about one-eighth of an inch less in thick- 

 ness than shown in 1 and 3. The outlines of the hard part, as originally 

 drawn, being cut away by the engraver, show the wall on this account 

 thicker than it. should be. No. 3 v/as drawn to show the thickness of hard 

 liber with the soft or laminated part omitted, which will give a good idja 

 of the small amount of horn their is ia an average light foot to nail to, and 

 how easy it is to break and weaken it seriously by nailing deeply, rasping 

 and cutting away recklessly, as shown by Plate 39, Fig. 2. The notches Ije- 

 tween the sole and wall indicate the degree to which the soft horn at tin's 

 point had been macerated or dissolved by the action of moisture to which 

 the hoof had been subjected for two weeks. 



1 2 ■ ■ 3 



Sections of hoof, the first two showing an outline of the wall at the 

 fjoints marked, with an estimate of the amount usually cut away in rasping 

 and fitting the foot to the shoe. Also showing the liability to drive the 

 nails so deep in such cases as to be bent into the quick when clinched. The 

 third shows the size of nails and the depth they should be driven, in pro- 

 per proportion to prevent injury to the foot. 



