670 



SHOEING. 



sion, used for this purpose during the past one hundred years. 

 Wo see first not only a hinge shoe, but a combination of hinges. 

 Next, shoes with clips, by %vhich to spread the heels. The shoes, 

 after being fastened on, were spread by screws and other means, 

 some of which were quite ingenious in their construction, but not 

 of sufficient importance to give them a place here. 



In 1802 Prof. Coleman introduced and patented a convex shoe. 

 See Fig. 502. Goodwin soon after introduced a combination of 

 this form of shoe with that of the French system of rounding or 



Fig. 4111. Fio. 492. 



How a liorse stands when sore-footed. 



turning up the toe. Bracy Clark, in 1809, devised a shoe with a 

 liinge at the toe, with a steel livet to protect the joint from wear- 

 ing, so that the quarters could have freedom to expand. See Fig. 

 503. I find also that this form of shoe was devised as lonff ago as 

 the 16th century, by Ceasar Fiaschi, specimens of which are given 

 in another part of this chapter. He also gave the "bar," and 

 other shoes. But tho most recent modification of this form of 

 which the writer has any account, was made by a man in New 

 Hampshire in 1875. He had a shoe jointed at the toe, with wide 

 bar at the heel, so fitted that one edge overlapped the other at the 

 center. See Fig. 501. The bars were made of malleable iron, 

 about three-eighths of an inch thick, with slight calks at the heels, 



