GLANDERS AND P^ARCY. 851 



discharge from both nostrils, the glands within the under jaw 

 will be on both sides enlarged. If the disehai-go is from one nostril 

 only, the swelled gland will be on that side alone. Glanders, how- 

 ever, will frequently exist at an early stage without these swelled 

 glands, and some other diseases, as catarrh, will produce them. 

 Then Ave must look out for some peculiarity about these glands, 

 and we shall readily find it. The swelling may be at first some- 

 what large and difl^used, but the surrounding enlargement soon goes 

 off, and one or two small distinct glands remain ; and they are 

 not in the center of the channel, htit adhere closely to the jaw on 

 the affected side. 



" The meinbi'ane of the nose should now be examined, and will 

 materially guide our opinion. It will either be of a dark purplish 

 hue, or almost of a leaden color, or of any shade betM'een the two ; 

 or if there is some of the redness of inflammation, it will have a 

 purple tinge ; but there will never bo the faint pink blush of health, 

 or the intense and vivid rod of usual inflammation. Spots of ulcer- 

 ation will probably appear on the membrane covering the cartilage 

 of the nose — not mere sore places, or streaks of abrasion, and quite 

 superficial, but small ulcers, usually ap]n-oaching to a circular form, 

 deep, and with the edges abrupt and prominent. When these 

 appearances are observed there can be no doubt about the matter. 



" When ulcers begin to appear on the membrane of the nose, 

 the constitution of the hoi'se is soon evidently affected. The 

 patient loses flesh ; his belly is tucked up ; his coat unthrifty, 

 and readily comes oft* ; the appetite is impaired ; the strength 

 fails ; cough, more or less urgent, may be heai'd ; the discharge 

 from the nose will increase in quantity, it will be discolored, bloody, 

 offensive to the smell ; the ulcers in the nose will become larger 

 and more numerous, and the air-passages being obstructed, a 

 grating, choking noise will be heard at every act of breathing. 

 There is now a peculiar tenderness about the forehead. The mem- 

 brane lining the frontal sinuses is inflamed and ulcerated, and the 

 integument of the forehead becomes thickened and somewhat 

 swelled. Farcy is now superadded to glanders, or glanders has de- 

 generated into farcy and more of the absorbents are involved. 



" At or before this time little tumors appear about the muscles, 

 and face, and neck, following the course of the veins and the ab- 

 sorbents, for they run side by side, and these the tumors soon 

 ulcerate. Tumors or buds, still pursuing the path of the absorbents, 

 soon appear on the inside of the thighs. They are connected to- 

 gether by a corded substance. This is the inflamed and enlarged 

 lymphatic ; and ulceration quickly follows the appearance of these 

 buds. The deeper-seated absorbents ai'e next affected ; and one or 

 Iboth of the hind legs swell to a great size, and become stiff and hot, 

 ■^and tender. The loss of flesh and strength is more marked every 

 day. The membrane of the nose becomes of a dirty, livid color, 

 the membrane of the mouth is strangely pallid. The eye is infil- 

 trated with a yellow fluid ; and the discharge from the nose 

 becomes more profuse, and insufferably offensive. The animal pre- 

 sents one raasg of putrefaction, and at last dies exhausted." 



