SOUND AND UNSOUND HORSES 



distinctly objectionable, causing the 

 toes to be turned " in " or " out " 

 respectively. 



The Fore Arm should be long, wide 

 and well placed in animals for speed, 

 though shorter and stouter in cart 

 horses. High action is favoured by a 

 short fore arm. 



A slender fore arm constitutes defec- 

 tive energy, probably all round. 



The contour of the fore arm in race 

 horses is more or less flattened, but in 

 draught horses it is cylindrical. 



In coarse bred horses the chestnuts 

 are much larger than in those of finer 

 breeding. 



Sometimes the carpal sheaths are 

 distended through excessive secretion 

 of their lubricating material, causing 

 the appearance of a couple of soft, 

 tumour like swellings behind the joint. 

 This is occasionally spoken of as thoro- 

 piii of the knee. Similar distensions may 



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