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a hard unyielding hand, or by weakness 

 and want of power in applying the Aids ; 

 or, lastly, by want of strength or steadiness 

 in the seat. 



Are all horses capable of being suppled and 

 rendered obedient to the Aids ? 

 They are ; but it is a work of far greater 

 difficulty to supple old horses than young 

 ones ; it requires also much care, patience, 

 and skill to supple those of naturally bad 

 formation. 



When horses are not obedient to the riders 

 should resource be had to punishment ? 

 If the proper method be used, it very 

 rarely happens that there is any want 

 of obedience on the part of the horse ; 

 punishment is therefore unnecessary, and 

 as a rule should not be allowed, except by 

 the most experienced men, and then only, 

 as a last resource. 



In the case of resistance what are the means 



to be resorted to ? 



Resistance being frequently caused by 

 the rider exacting more from the horse 

 than his suppleness and formation enable 

 him to perform, the most simple lessons 

 should be resorted to, and patiently con- 



