14 SCIENCE BULLETIN, No. 21. 



blood-tinged, but elsewhere is clear and straw-coloured. At times this 

 exudate may be found reaching to the floor of the abdomen, and even infil- 

 trating the inter-muscular tissues of the abdominal muscles. On a few occa- 

 sions the perirenal tissue was also found saturated with this exudate. Thei*e 

 is no evidence of gas formation. 



Bacilli in purity may be found fairly numerously around the site of inocula- 

 tion, but they are extremely scanty in the subcutaneous exudate at any dis- 

 tance from this area, and their presence there often can only be demon- 

 strated by cultivation. At times even this fails, especially in the case of the 

 exudate in the abdominal floor and other such distant sites. If the injection 

 has been made intramuscularly, the reaction is more severe, although at times 

 the swelling of the limb is not so pronounced. In addition to the phenomena 

 mentioned as resulting from subcutaneous inoculation, the muscles around 

 the inoculation site are very dark and may show a number of haemorrhages. 

 On incision of the affected muscles there is a distinctly unpleasant odour, but 

 not exactly that of putrefaction. There is no evident gas formation. Parts 

 of the muscle appear at times to have a greyish necrotic character. Others^ 

 in the immediate vicinity may show a few small haemorrhages scattered 

 throughout their substance. The affected muscles are infiltrated with a 

 blood-tinged, odourless exudate. 



Occasionally there may be some clear exudate in the peritoneal or pleura!! 

 cavities, but as a rule there is none. Almost invariably, however, the peri- 

 cardium is distended with a clear, straw-coloured odourless fluid, which, like 

 other exudates, coagulates spontaneously. It is bacteria free. If the heart,, 

 blood and organs are examined immediately after death they also are found 

 free from bacteria. Frequently the heart shows endocardial haemorrhages. 

 The liver, kidneys and spleen are congested, but not enlarged. Sometimes, 

 but not often, one may see on the surface of the former dirty, greyish-white 

 areas of commencing necrosis, with ill-defined margins. Usually there is 

 some more or less pronounced oedema and congestion of the rnucosa of the 

 abomasum and small intestines, but no ulceration. The lymphatic glands of 

 the inoculated limb, and of the trunk also, are congested and swollen. There 

 are no naked eye changes in the lungs. 



Guinea-pigs. 



With virulent, young cultures, doses of 0*1 c.c. injected subcutaneously 

 are usually fatal in about twenty hours. With smaller doses of O02 to O05 

 c.c., the animal may live for about three days. In all cases, however, the- 

 lesions are fairly constant, viz., considerable swelling of the inoculated 

 thigh, the skin being tense and sometimes livid. The subcutaneous tissues- 

 of the inoculated leg are saturated with a slightly turbid, odourless exudate. 

 There is no gas formation. The subcutaneous exudation extends forward^ 

 along the abdomen for some considerable distance, often as far as the axillae. 

 It is more abundant on the inoculated side of the body. Around the point 

 of injection, the subcutaneous tissues show varying degrees of thickening, 

 according to the duration of the disease. The muscles in the same area have 



