40 BEMEDY FOR CANKER WORMS. 



must crawl up the tree to deposit its eggs, tar or printers' ink is 

 applied to the trees after December 1, and kept fresh by renewal 

 during warm days, when the females can run; thus the ascending 

 insects are caught and destroyed. This is an effectual remedy, 

 but requires constant attention from December to May, whenever 

 the weather is warm and there is no frost in the ground. 



Another effectual remedy is to encircle the tree with a metallic 

 trough in wliich is placed cheap oil, like crude petroleum. The 

 first cost of this remedy is more than the expense of tar, but it 

 does not require as constant attention. 



Within the past two or three years the attempt to prevent the 

 ascent of the female has been abandoned, in many sections, and 

 the larvse are destroyed as soon as they are hatched out, by the 

 use of paris green. 



The Apple Aphis or Plant-louse (Aphis malt). — This is a 

 small, green ily (Fig. 39) (very similar to the common plant- 



Fig. 39. 



louse which attacks House plants), that often appears in large 

 numbers upon the young shoots, injuring them by sucking out 

 their juices. It is destroyed by the application of a strong 

 solution of whale-oil soap and tobacco water, or by tlie application 

 of the pyrethrum powder just at niglut. 



The Codlin Mot.i {Carpocapsa pomonella). — Fig. 40 is an 

 Apple injured by the codlin moth; e, larvse escaping; f, moth at 

 rest; g, same with its wings spread; d, chrysalis. This is perliaps 

 the most injurious insect that attacks the fruit of the Apple. 

 It flies at night, and lays its eggs in the calyx or blossom-end of 

 the fruit after it reaches a half inch in diameter. The egg 

 hatches, and the fruit is destroyed, as shown in the figure. At 

 maturity, the worm comes from the Apple and forms its cocoon 

 under the bark of the tree, upon boards, fences and other dry 

 places. 



Remedy. — Pasturing the orchard with swine or cattle will 

 destroy many of the worms that fall with the fruit, while a large 

 number of fowls in the orchard will generally attend to all that 

 may come out of the Apples before they fall. The cocoons may 

 also be trapped under bands of straw or cloth put around the 

 trunks of the tree,s, and examined occasionally during the summer. 

 A second brood often comes out in the early autumn, which 

 attacks the winter fruit. 



