NEW ZEALAND GARDENING. 147 



grafting is performed for the purpose of multiplying a variety, 

 stocks of the proper kind are selected, for the purpose of 

 conveniently removing when the graft has taken ; generally 

 a year established in the ground if for fruit trees, or a year 

 old in pots. The first is, because fruit trees and shrubs in 

 the open ground ought not to be more than three years in a 

 place undisturbed, and, therefore, as one year after planting 

 a stock is strong enough to be grafted, it allows of one year 

 toilet the graft grow, and a second to form a sort of head or 

 to'grow into stuff, as gardeners call it. 



EXPLANATION OF PLATE I. 



Grafting. A and B sloping cut commencing at #, c 

 and d ligatures, f, g and h buds, k, d, e stock, a, b, i scion. 



Whip Grafting". A the scion, B the stock, a a the 

 cut surface showing the wood, the points marked < should 

 touch the inner bark of both stock and scion, while the 

 points at b touch the outer barks. In preparing the graft, 

 cut the top of the stock in a sloping direction from c towards 

 />, terminating, if possible, above a bud, as at d. Cut the 

 scion sloping from c to /j then enter the knife at //, and cut 

 a thin tongue upwards to c. The scion is then ready for 

 inserting on the stock. To prepare the stock enter the knife 

 .at g and cut a slice upwards to <r, taking care to make the 

 surface as nearly as possible the same size -as that of the 

 scion. Enter the knife very little below c, and cut a notch 

 to receive the tongue of the scion ; insert the tongue of the 

 scion (made at h by cutting half-an-inch upwards). See that 

 the barks meet as directed; then tie with matting, and 

 surround with clay or grafting wax the whole secret of suc- 

 cessful grafting lies in the coincidence of the inner bark of 

 the stock and scion. 



Saddle Grafting should only be attempted when the 

 stock and scion are about the same size. The stock A is 

 cut like a wedge, terminating at c\ , the scion is split up 

 the centre, and placed over A the stock, taking care that the 

 barks of both meet : tie and cover as directed above. 



