1 86 NEW ZEALAND GARDENING. 



ever, be taken not to use washes composed of potash at this 

 season of the year, as the young foliage would certainly be 

 injured. This is the great difficulty in dealing with this 

 pest. Any wash sufficiently strong to be decidedly efficacious 

 will probably injure the foliage and young buds. Better use 

 a weaker wash and apply oftener. Lime and sulphur, with 

 a little soft soap made into a thin wash, thin enough to be 

 applied with a syringe. 



Black Scale (Lecanuim Olece). This scale infests the 

 olive, peach, apricot, plum, and citrus trees. 



Remedies. The Californian remedy is to wash the trees 

 with whale-oil soap one pound to the gallon of water : use 

 hot. This dressing will also destroy the soft orange scale. 

 For Summer syringing, use the wash recommended for red 

 spider. When the scale attacks soft-wooded plants the best 

 remedy is : two ounces of Gishurst's compound dissolved in 

 a gallon of water ; syringe the plants thoroughly, and wash 

 with clean water the following morning. The dose may be 

 repeated in a few days, if found necessary, syringing next 

 morning with clean water. 



Codlin Moth (Carpocapsa pomonella]. This pest 

 attacks the apple, pear, and quince ; its ravages are princi- 

 pally confined to the apple, causing an annual loss of many 

 thousands of pounds sterling to the fruit-growers of America, 

 England, Tasmania and elsewhere. The plan of attack is 

 as follows : When the young apples are formed, the moth 

 deposits a single egg on each fruit, usually on the upper 

 end, puncturing the rind at the same time. Each moth 

 deposits from 70 to 80 eggs. The larva is hatched in from 

 seven to ten days, and begins at once to eat its way into the 

 apple. The following description is from Ormerod's 

 " Injurious Insects " : " The caterpillar is about half-an- 

 inch long and slightly hairy, whitish, with a brown or black 

 head and dark markings. As it grows, it continues its 

 gallery towards the stem or the lower side of the apple, 

 avoiding the core, when it makes an opening in the rind, 

 and thus is able to throw out the pellets of dirt. After this 

 opening is made, it turns back to the middle of the apple, 

 and when nearly full grown pierces the core and feeds only 

 on the pips, and as a result of this injury the apple falls.'' 



