BIRDS. 35 



121. Sturnus vulgaris L. Common Starling. 



Resident, generally distributed, abundant. Immense flocks 

 arrive in autumn young in July and August, old in 

 September and October ; departing northward in spring. 



122. Pastor roseus (L.). Rose-coloured Starling. 



Casual visitant, of uncommon occurrence in autumn. Has 

 been observed many times in East Yorkshire and near the 

 coast, chiefly in August ; less frequently inland. Occur- 

 rences are too numerous to mention. 



Fam, COEVID^E. 



123. Pyrrhocorax graculus (L.). Red-billed Chough. 



Casual visitant, of extremely rare occurrence. 



Hatfield, one killed by Mr. R. Glossop's keeper, and stuffed 



by Hugh Reid (Allis, 1844). 

 Sheffield : ' has, to my knowledge, been once observed ' (C. 



Dixon, MS.). 



124. Nucifraga caryocatactes (L.). Nutcracker. 



Accidental visitant from Northern and Central Europe, of 

 extremely rare occurrence. 



Campsall, one said to have occurred, on the authority of Mr. 



Neville Wood (Lankester's Askern, 1842, p. 70). 

 Wakefield, one, autumn of 1865, in Mr. Harting's collection, 



(Harting, Handbook of B. Birds, p. 119). 



125. Garrulus glandarius (L.). Common Jay. 

 Resident, not uncommon in wooded districts ; occasionally 



observed as an autumn immigrant. In the manufacturing 

 districts this species is fast decreasing in numbers, and 

 extremely local. 



126. Pica rustica (Scop.). Magpie. 



Resident, generally distributed, and fairly abundant in spite 

 of much persecution. 



127. Corvus monedula L. Jackdaw. 



Resident, generally distributed, common. Immigrants often 

 arrive with the rooks in the autumn, but never in separate 

 flocks. Breeds in immense numbers in the coast cliffs. 



