AUTHORITIES CONSULTED. 141 



R. Lofthouse (Middlesborough) ; R. Morton Middleton, jun., F.L.S. (North- 

 allerton, &c.); J. E. Miller (Middleham); *W. J. Milligan (Wetherby) ; 

 F. S. Mitchell (Mitton and Lower Ribblesdale) ; Walter Morrison (Malham 

 Tarn); T. H. Nelson (Redcar and Teesmouth) ; George Page (Guisborough) ; 

 F. Parkinson (Market Weighton) ; J. Petyt (Bolton Abbey) ; G. T. Porritt, 

 F L.S. (Huddersfield); Walter Raine (Ryther, Leeds, &c.); F. G. S. Rawson 

 (Halifax); Lord Ribblesdale (Gisburn); *J. H. Salter (Ackworth and Scar- 

 borough^; William Scoby (Kirby Moorside); *Rev. H. H. Slater, B.A., F.Z.S. 

 (Ripon); *Walter Stamper (Nunnington); *Thos. Stephenson (Whitby); 

 *John Tennant ( Wilstrop and Skewkirk) ; Richard G. Tuke (Castle Howard) ; 

 J. A. Wheldon (Northallerton); and J. E. Clark. B. A.,B.Sc.,F.G.S., R. M. 

 Christy, E. J. Gibbins, C. Helstrip, Wilson, and Woods (York). 



Other contributors of bird-lists, in addition to those marked 

 above with the asterisk, are : - 



Messrs. Matthew Bailey (Flamborough) ; W. W. Boulton (Beverley) ; 

 E. P. P. Butterfield ( Wilsden) ; Rev. J. W. Chaloner (Newton Kyme) ; R. B. 

 Cragg (Skipton); Charles Dixon (Sheffield); Alfred Jackson, M.D. (Market 

 Weighton) ; Major Lawson (Bridlington); Robert Lee (Thirsk); R. Richardson 

 (Beverley); Alfred Roberts (Scarborough); Rev. Henry Smith (Redcar); 

 Edward Tindall (Knapton); Capt. E. H. Turton (Upsall Castle) ; J. W. Davis 

 (Halifax); and James Varley (Huddersfield). 



Lists of marine fishes have been contributed by the 

 following: 



Messrs. Matthew Bailey (Flamborough); Thomas Boynton (Bridlington 

 Bay); John Cordeaux (Holderness Coast) ; T. H. Nelson (Redcar); Thomas 

 Stephenson (Whitby) ; T. Winson (Spurn Point) ; and J. W. Woodall 

 (Scarborough). 



To all these contributors of local lists the best thanks of the 

 authors are due, for it is they who by furnishing the full and 

 indispensable details have made it possible to give with an 

 approximation to accuracy the actual geographical range of the 

 various species. Hence it will be seen that the few words allotted 

 to each species are founded upon a broad and substantial sub- 

 stratum of facts contributed by numerous observers, and that it is 

 only in the few instances where records are vouched for by single 

 observers that the citation of authorities has been possible in 

 the text. 



But the contributors of lists are not the only persons to whom 

 the authors are indebted for assistance. Acknowledgment is due 

 to Professor Alfred Newton, M.A., F.RS., Dr. Gunther, F.R.S., 



