FALCONING. 15 



brown ; interior thigh-coverts white ; exterior thigh-coverts 

 white, tinged with fulvous, each feather dark shafted, and with 

 a central lanceolate stripe of brown, the bars above mentioned 

 showing through; the lower wing-coverts, all reddish-brown, 

 conspicuously margined at the tip, and the longer ones barred 

 with somewhat fulvous-white. 



Mr. Hume in his " Rough Notes " gives the measurements and 

 description of a fine female, shot by him in the Punjaub : 



Dimensions. Length, 17'95 ; expanse, 4*1, tail from vent, 

 7*25 ; foot, greatest length, 4'5, greatest width 4 ; wing, 13 ; 

 wings, when closed, reach to within 1*87 of end of tail ; tarsus, 

 175 ; mid- toe to root of claw, 1*9 ; weight, 1*87 Ibs. 



Description. The irides were deep brown ; the cere, gape, 

 and orbital skin, as well as the legs and feet, were bright yellow ; 

 the claws were black, and the corneous portion of the bill was 

 blue, changing to horny-black at the tip. 



The forehead and the centre of the top of the head were 

 sandy-rufous, each feather with a dark-brown shaft ; the sides 

 of the top and the back of the head were a somewhat ashy or 

 slaty-brown, the feathers more or less margined with sandy- 

 rufous ; a broad, rufous, half collar ran round the back of the 

 neck, a little mottled behind the ear-coverts, and again in the 

 centre of the back of the neck, with dusky-slaty ; the whole 

 mantle was slaty-grey, dark and dusky towards the base of the 

 neck, and paling towards the rump and upper tail-coverts ; most, 

 if not all, of the feathers were narrowly margined paler, those 

 towards the nape with rufous, and those lower down with greyish- 

 white ; most of the feathers also were somewhat conspicuously 

 darker shafted, and all exhibited broad, transverse somewhat 

 ill-defined, dusky-slaty, bands ; the rump and upper tail- 

 coverts were pale slaty, or French-grey, with brown shafts, and 

 transverse arrow head, dusky bars ; the tail-feathers were 

 pale slaty-grey, tipped with rufous, and with numerous broad 

 transverse, well defined, slaty-brown bars, broadest towards the 

 tips ; there was a blackish line under the eye, continued down- 

 wards for about an inch and a quarter, as a narrow cheek-stripe ; 

 the two cheek-stripes nearly meet on the throat, about an inch 

 and a half below the base of the lower mandible ; the whole 

 of the lower parts were a rich rufous-salmon color, somewhat 

 paler on the chin and centre of the throat, and deeper on the 

 ear-coverts, sides of neck, and centre of the abdomen ; the 

 breast, chin and throat are perfectly spotless ; the abdomen, 

 flanks, lower tail-coverts and tibial plumes were regularly, but 

 rather widely barred with slaty-brown ; the bars, everywhere 

 narrow, being nearly obsolete in the centre of the abdomen, an d 

 best marked on the flanks ; the under wing-coverts were of 

 a pale salmon color, conspicuously barred with brown. 



The Red-headed Falcon or Lanner has only been recorded from 

 Sind. With regard to its modification nothing certain seems to be 



