40 AQUILIN^. 



?. Length, 32 to 34*25 ; expanse, 82 to 85 ; wing, 23 to 24 ; 

 tail, 13 to 14; tarsus, 4 to 4 '5 ; bill from gape, 2 '6 5 to 2'88. 



Cere pale bluish-green; nostrils, gape, and base of lower 

 mandible bluish ; upper mandible greenish-horn color ; irides 

 pale brownish-yellow ; feet greyish- white. 



Adult : whole head and neck pale fulvous, brownish on the 

 head and nape ; feathers of the neck long and lanceolate ; iii- 

 terscapulars, back and rump rich brown ; scapulars and wings dark 

 brown, blackening on the quills ; tail ashy-black, or dark cinereous, 

 with a broad white central band; beneath, from the throat, 

 reddish-brown, darkest on the lower abdomen, thigh-coverts, and 

 under tail-coverts. 



The young bird has the head and hind neck light brown ; 

 ear-coverts dusky-brown ; the upper plumage brown, with the 

 quills dark ; tail black throughout ; lower plumage pale brown ; 

 the wings reach to the end of the tail, which is very slightly 

 rounded. 



The Ring-tailed Sea Eagle occurs sparingly in Guzerat, but 

 is far more common in Sind, where it breeds during November, 

 December, and January. The nests are huge platforms, com- 

 posed of stout sticks and are placed near the top of a high tree 

 in the vicinity of water ; the eggs, generally three (occasionally 

 only two, more seldom four), in number, are greyish-white in 

 color and measure about 275 inches, in length by 2*2 in breadth. 



Haliaetus albicilla, Lin. 



4>2bis. Murray's Vertebrate Zoology of Sind, p. 83; Hume's 

 Scrap Book, p. 253. 



THE EUROPEAN WHITE-TAILED SEA EAGLE. 



c?. Length, 36 ; expanse, 72 ; wing 24 ; tail, 1T5 ; tarsus, 4. 



?. Length, 40; expanse, 80 ; wing, 27'5 ; tail, 12 ; tarsus, 4'5. 



Male. The cere and bill are pale yellow ; the irides bright 

 yellow ; the tarsi and toes gamboge ; the claws black with a tinge 

 of greyish-blue ; the plumage of the head, neck, forepart of the 

 back and breast, with the upper wing-coverts greyish-yellow ; 

 the feathers all greyish-brown at the base, of the other parts 

 greyish-brown, edged with yellowish-grey ; the scapulars and 

 feathers of the rump glossed with purple, those of the abdo- 

 men, tibiae, and subcaudal region inclining to chocolate-brown ; 

 the quills and alular feathers brownish-black, with a tinge of 

 grey ; the inner secondaries inclining to greyish-brown ; the shafts 

 of all white towards the base ; the lower surface of the quills and 

 the larger coverts tinged with greyish-blue ; upper tail-coverts 

 and the tail are white, (generally freckled with dusky grey at 

 the base) ; the down on the breast is pale grey, that on the sides 

 darker. 



Female. The female does not differ from the male in color, 

 and her superiority in size is often not remarkable. 



