CAMPEPHILIN^. 113 



and breast, white, a brown stripe commencing near the nape, 

 down the sides of the neck and breast ; breast and abdomen 

 brown, with pale edges to the feathers ; a patch of crimson on 

 the centre of the abdomen continued to the vent. 



"TKe Yellow-fronted Woodpecker occurs sparingly in Sind, 

 but is common throughout the remaining portion of the district. 

 It is a permanent resident breeding about March ; it lays 

 three transparent white eggs, at the bottom of a hole, pierced 

 in a decayed branch of a tree ; there is no nest, except a few 

 chips that may have fallen in during the time the hole was being 

 excavated. They measure 0*87 inches in length, by 0'68 in 

 breadth. 



GENUS, Yungipicus, Bonap. 



Of small size ; plumage spotted, or banded black and white 

 above ; bill barely straight ; lateral ridge near the culmen ; 

 wings long ; tail, with the two central feathers, longest ; the 

 outer feathers soft and rounded. 



Yungipicus nanus, rig. 



164. Yungipicus hardwickii, Jerd. Jerdon's Birds of India, 

 Vol, I, p. 278 ; Butler, Deccan ; Stray Feathers, Vol. IX, p. 

 385 ; Guzerat, Stray Feathers, Vol. Ill, p. 458. 



THE SOUTHERN PIGMY WOODPECKER. 



Length, 5 to 5 '25 ; expanse, 9 '5 ; wing 3 ; tail, 1'5 ; tarsus, 0'4 ; 

 bill at front, 0'4. 



Bill plumbeous ; orbital skin lake ; irides pale yellow ; legs 

 plumbeous. 



Above brownish or sooty-brown, banded with white on the 

 back ; head pale rufescent or yellowish-brown, scarcely deepen- 

 ing posteriorly ; beneath white, sullied on the abdomen, and 

 with pale brown streaks throughout; a narrow white band 

 from above the eye down the side of the neck ; a pale brown 

 band from beneath the eye, below the white band, and another 

 faint line beginning on the sides of the neck and being gradu- 

 ally lost in the markings of the breast. The male has a 

 somewhat long and narrow orange streak, beginning consider- 

 ably behind the eye. 



This Woodpecker occurs sparingly along the Sahyadri 

 Range as far north as Khandalla ; it also occurs in the forest to 

 the west of Belgaum, and at Mahableshwar, Savantvadi and 

 Ratnagiri. With the exception of a doubtful specimen from 

 Anadra near Mount Aboo, it has not been recorded from any 

 other portion of the district. 



SUB-FAMILY, Campephilinse. 



Bill strong, somewhat wide, nearly straight, or very slightly 

 curving; lateral ridge near the culmen sometimes wanting; 

 gonys short ; versatile toe about equal to the anterior, sometimes 



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