188 PYCNONOTIN.E. 



hair-like crimson feathers over the ears, and reaching beyond them ; 

 a narrow line of black borders the ear-coverts beneath ; plumage 

 above light hair-brown, darker on the quills and on the tail, 

 especially towards the tip ; beneath from the chin white, the 

 sides of the breast dark-brown, forming an interrupted gorget. 



The Southern Red-whiskered Bulbul is common on the Sahyadri 

 Range and adjacent forests ; it is also very common at Aboo. 



It is a permanent resident and breeds from March to May. 

 The nests are neatly made, and are of a deep cup-shape, composed 

 of grass roots, with a quantity of dead leaves or dried ferns 

 worked into the bottom and lined with fine grass. The eggs, 

 two or three in number, are reddish-white in color, thickly mot- 

 tled, freckled, and streaked with rich blood-red, with a few 

 scarcely visible spots of pale inky-purple. 



They measure 0'9 inches in length, by 0'66 in breadth. 



GENUS, Pycnonotus, Kuhl. 



Bill moderately long, strong, moderately curved, with strongish 

 rictal bristles ; legs and feet stout ; tail barely rounded, almost 

 square ; under tail-coverts red. 



Pycnonotus (Molpastes) pygaeus, Hodgs. 



461. Jerdon's Birds of India, Vol. II, p. 93. 



THE COMMON BENGAL BULBUL. 



Length, 875 ; expanse, 12'5 ; wing, 3'85 ; tail, 3*25 ; tarsus, 

 0-88; bill at front, 062. 



Bill black ; irides deep-brown ; legs dark-brown. 



Head, nape, hind-neck, chin, throat, and breast, glossy black ; 

 ear-coverts glossy hair-brown ; from the hind-neck dark smoky 

 brown, edged with ashy, which is the color of the rump ; the 

 upper tail-coverts white ; tail brownish-black, tipped with white, 

 except the central pair ; wings as the back ; the shoulders and 

 wing-coverts edged with whitish ; below, from the breast, dark 

 brown, edged with ashy, passing to ashy on the lower abdomen ; 

 vent and under tail- coverts rich crimson. 



According to Jerdon, the Bengal Bulbul is found in the jungles 

 of Central India, north of the Nerbudda river. 



Pycnonotus hsemorrhous, Gmelin. 



462. Jerdon's Birds of India, Vol. II, p. 94 ; Butler, Guzerat ; 



Stray Feathers, Vol. Ill, p. 473; Deccan, Stray Feathers, 



Vol. IX, p. 4Q2 ; Murray's Vertebrate Zoology of Sind, p. 135 ; 



Swinhoe and Barnes, Central India ; Ibis, 1885, p. 68. 

 THE COMMON MADRAS BULBUL. 



Length, 8 ; expanse, 11 ; wing, 3 '6 ; tail, 3 3 ; tarsus, 0'8 ; bill 

 at front, 0'52. 



Bill black ; irides deep-brown ; legs greenish-slaty. 



Head, chin, and throat, black ; nape and back smoky-brown 



