APPENDIX. 443 



coverts are rufous-buff, and the longer scapulars, and a few of 

 the feathers of the back, are a deep chocolate brown. 



The second stage is characteristically of a dark hair, or even 

 at times umber-brown, darkest above, and chocolate-brown on the 

 scapulars, with no pale bands on the wings or tips to the tail 

 feathers, and with numerous narrow, transverse, irregular grey 

 bars on the latter ; and with much brown mingled with the lower 

 tail-coverts. 



Some specimens show traces of the wing-bars, characteristic 

 of the preceding stage, but the more adult of them show more 

 or less of a reddish buff patch on the nape and pale margins to 

 the lesser wing-coverts. 



A good many which I suppose to be those nearest to the first 

 form, besides showing traces of the wing- bars, have all the 

 feathers of the lower abdomen narrowly tipped with dingy fulvous- 

 white. 



That this is really the adult stage there can be no doubt ; but 

 even here the changes are most confusing, because one bird, for 

 instance, having a most conspicuous orange-buff patch on the 

 nape, has the whole of the upper tail-coverts a clear fulvous- 

 white, as in the first stage ; while another, though of a deeper 

 brown, shows 110 trace of buff upon the nape, and has the upper 

 tail-coverts uniform blackish -brown, as in the adult. 



The wing-lining also varies very much in this stage. In some 

 and these by no means the most advanced it is altogether deep 

 brown, as in the perfect adult, while in others, by no means the 

 least advanced, it is a rufous-buff, or a rufous-buff mingled with 

 dark brown ; in one, and that a bird showing the incipient 

 orange-buff head, they are precisely as in the second stage ; the 

 lesser and median lower wing-coverts being uniform pale hair- 

 brown, and the larger lower wing-coverts white. Hume, "Rough 

 Notes." 



Scops sunia, Hodgs. 



74<bis. Ephialtes pennatus, Hodgs. (Rufous phase) Jerdon's 



Birds of India, Vol. I, p. 137. 



Dimensions same as S. pennatus, Hodgs. 



Upper parts uniform bright golden chestnut red, with black 

 shafts, inconspicuous on the back, more distinct on the forehead, 

 ear-plumes, and shoulders of the wings ; outer edge of scapulars 

 whitish ; disc rufous, with some of the feathers white shafted ; 

 ruff deep brown, with the outer feathers black tipped, or black ; 

 beneath, deeply tinged with the hue of the back, but with more 

 or less white on the belly, and under tail-coverts ; the breast and 

 sides of the belly with central brownish black streaks, the latter 

 with transverse pencillings ; four faint bars on the inner webs of 

 the tail feathers, and the primaries also indistinctly barred with 

 dusky or mottled brown. The young bird has all the feathers 

 duller red, more black shafted, and there is much white on the 



