Mule Dee» 
considering the fine technical points of difference, the described 
forms are as follows. 
1. Virginia Deer. Odocoileus virginianus (Boddaert). Southern 
States north of Florida and Louisiana to the Middle States. 
2. Northern Deer. O. virginianus borealis Miller. Rather larger 
and grayer. 
Range. New England States and Canada to northern New York. 
j- Banner-tatled Deer. O. virginianus macrourus (Rafinesque). 
Smaller and paier coloured. 
Range. Kansas, Nebraska, and the Dakotas, etc. 
4. Florida Deer. O. osceola Bangs. Very small, and exceedingly 
dark coloured, about one quarter smaller than the Virginia deer. 
Range. Florida. 
5. Loutstana Deer. O. loutsiane G. Allen. Similar but larger. 
Range. Louisiana. 
Texan or Fan-tailed Deer. O. texensis (Mearns). A small very 
pale deer with small antiers. 
Range. Texas and northern Mexico. 
7. Arizona Deer. O. couest (Rothrock). Small and pale in colour 
but with no black edgings to the ears. 
Range. Arizona and Northern Mexico. 
8. White-tailed Deer. O. leucurus (Douglass). Similar to the 
banner-tail. 
Range. California to Washington. 
Mule Deer 
Odocotleus hemionus (Rafinesque) 
Also called Black-tatled deer. 
Length. 6to7 feet. Height at shoulder. 3 feet 4 inches. Length 
of antlers. 25-30 inches. 
Description. Body heavy, ears very large, thickly haired, tail white with 
black tip, naked below at the base. Pale dull yellowish in summer, 
bluish-gray in autumn, front of the face between the eyes dusky, 
rest of face, throat, abdomen and inside of legs white. Antlers 
forking equally (dichotomous) and each prong again bifurcate. 
Range. North Dakota to Texas and Colorado and west to Washing- 
ton, Oregon and northern Californa. Closely allied varieties occur 
in California south of San Francisco. 
Unless we are familiar with an animal it is often difficult to know 
the origin of the popular names that have been bestowed upon it. In 
the present case we should on first thought picture a large heavy 
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