240 APPENDIX 



old term bandog (Wynn, p. 72). In the seventeenth and 

 eighteenth centuries the terms were generally synony- 

 mous, and it seems quite possible that the mastiff of the 

 ancient forest laws was not our bandog, but denoted, as 

 in France, any large house-dog capable of defending his 

 master and his master's goods, watching his cattle, and, 

 as frequently necessary, powerful enough to attack the 

 depredatory wolf or the wild boar. These would in all 

 likelihood be a very mixed breed, and thoroughly justify 

 the name rn est if ox mongrel. 



Cotgrave in his French-English Dictionary gives the 

 following : — 



^'' Mastin^ a mastiue or bandog ; a great country curre; 

 also a rude, filthie, currish or cruell fellow." 



We find the word ynatin in France used as a term of 

 opprobrium, or a name of contempt for any ugly or 

 distorted body or a coarse person : " C\s un matln^ un 

 vilain ynatin.'" Many interesting facts about the mastiff" 

 have been collected by Jesse in his " History of the 

 British Dog," but he also makes the mistake of consider- 

 ing that the " Master of Game " and Turbervile give us 

 the description of the dogs then existing in England, 

 whereas these descriptions really relate only to French 

 breeds, although the characteristics may in many cases 

 have tallied sufficiently ; but in others a dire confusion 

 has resulted from blindly copying from one another. 



MENÉE, from Latin yninare^ something which is 

 led, a following. This word frequently occurs in the 

 medieval romances, and usually denoted pursuit, either 

 in battle or in the hunting field (Borman, p. 37). 

 There are various meanings attached to menée : — 

 I. The line of flight the stag or other game has taken, 

 and Chacier la menée seems to have meant hunting with 

 horn and hound by scent on the line of flight, in con- 

 tradiction to the chase with the bow or crossbow, which 

 was called herser [Le Roman des Loherains^ 106, c. 30). In 

 G. de F. (p. 157) it is used in the same sense. The 



