RECOMMENDATIONS BY ASSOCIATIONS, ETC. 45 



NATIONAL CONFECTIONERS' ASSOCIATION. 



In 1899 the National Confectioners' Association of the United 

 States issued an official circular, which has been previously discussed/ 

 designating certain colors as harmful, and certain others as harmless ; 

 the members of each class are given in the following list, in which 

 only one trade name is given, the Green Table number appearing in 

 parentheses at the end of that name. 



HARMFUL ORGANIC COLORS. 



Red colors: Ponceau 3RB (163); Crocein Scarlet 3B (160); Cochineal Red A (106); 

 Crocein Scarlet 7B (169); Crocein Scarlet O extra (164); Safranin (584). 



Yellow colors: Picric Acid (1); Martius Yellow (3); Acme Yellow (84); Victoria 

 Yellow (2); Orange II (86); Metanil Yellow (95); Sudan I (11); Orange IV (88). 



Green colors: Naphthol Green B (398). 



Blue colors: Methylene Blue BBG (650). 



Brown colors: Bismarck Brown (197); Vesuvin B (201); Fast Brown G (138); Chrys- 

 oidin(17, 18). 



HARMLESS ORGANIC COLORS. 



Red colors: Artificial Alizarin and Purpurin (534); Eosin (512); Erythrosin (517); 

 Rose Bengale (520); Phloxin (521); Ponceau 2R (55); Bordeaux B (65); Ponceau 2G 

 (15); Fuchsin S (462); Archil Substitute (28); Orange I (85); Congo Red (240) ; Azoru- 

 bin S (103); Fast Red D (107); Fast Red (105); Ponceau 4GB (13); Fuchsin (448). 



Yellow and Orange colors: Naphthol Yellow S (4); Brilliant Yellow (5); Fast Yellow 

 (8); Fast Yellow R (9); Azarin S (70); Orange (43). 



Green colors: Malachite Green (427); Dinitrosoresorcin (394). 



Blue colors: Indigo (689); Gentian Blue (457); Coupiers Blue (600). 



Violet colors: Paris Violet (451); Wool Black (166); Azoblue (287); Mauvein (593). 



Brown colors: Chrysamin R (269). 



SCHACHEBL. 



Schacherl in 1903 made the following statement: 



If coal-tar colors are to be permitted for the coloring of food, then, in my opinion, 

 it is not right to limit the use of such to a few coloring matters, but groups of coloring 

 matters must be permitted which are without suspicion from a sanitary standpoint, 

 and which are characterized by definite reactions. Other groups, on the other hand, 

 which contain harmful or merely suspicious colors, must be absolutely excluded. 

 * * * The selection would be easily made if sufficient data were at hand with 

 respect to the physiological action. Unfortunately this is lacking, a circumstance 

 which need not be surprising in view of the very large number of synthetic coloring 

 matters, since the Schultz-Julius tables enumerate 681 such colors. Unfortunately 

 the experiments of Th. Weyl, which were planned on a large scale, have not been 

 completed, and apart from isolated investigations we are limited in passing judgment 

 upon the most of these colors to the proof that to date nothing with respect to harmful 

 action has become known. * * * Consequently it is still possible that one or the 

 other coloring matter which may to-day be regarded as above suspicion, or a newly 

 discovered coloring matter may possess poisonous properties; the legislators should 

 under all circumstances have the power to exclude for use in foods all suspicious 

 combinations, and all such coloring matters as are not easily distinguishable from them. 



i See also p. 30. 



