100 COAL-TAR COLORS USED IN FOOD PRODUCTS. 



2. MEYER (/. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1907, v. 29, p. 897): Dog received 100 milligrams 

 per kilogram body weight, or 70 grains per 100 pounds, increased in geometric ! 

 proportion for 6 consecutive days, at the end of which time diarrhea set in. 

 On that day 2,000 milligrams per kilogram body weight, or 1,400 grains per 100 

 pounds body weight, were administered; this was about two-thirds as much as 

 the animal had received in all the 5 days preceding; the feces were colored j 

 after the first administration, and the urine was also colored; albuminuria 

 doubtful. 



3. FRAENKEL (pp. 210 and 216}: Tartrazin, according to the Green Tables, is a 

 derivative of isopyrazolon ; " * * ' only those substances which are deri- 

 vatives of pyrazolon are antipyretics, the isopyrazolon derivatives are, how- 

 ever, poisonous." Tartrazin is also closely related to the antipyrin class of 

 compounds, which class is known to possess an irritant action and also a de- 

 pressing action on the circulation. Tartrazin also contains benzol groups, 

 which are said to increase the physiological activity of pyrazolon derivatives. 



G. T. 95. 



Trade names. Metanil Yellow; Orange MN; Tropseolin G. 



Names under which it was offered on the United States market as a 

 food color in 1907. Victoria Yellow cone. Z; Yellow MXX cone. 



Scientific name. Sodium salt of meta-sulphobenzene-azo diphenyl- 

 amin. 



Discovered. 1879. 



Shade. Orange. Offered by 2 out of 12 sources. 



FAVORABLE. 



1. FRENTZEL (Zts. Ndhr. Genussm., 1901, v. 4, p. 974): A. A rabbit received 379 



milligrams per kilogram body weight, or 265 grains per 100 pounds body weight; 

 no color administered for 2 days, and then administered at intermittent periods, 

 so as to receive 6 doses in 19 days. Total weight administered per kilogram 

 body weight 2,085 milligrams, or 1,460 grains per 100 pounds, which is equivalent 

 to 77 grains per day per 100 pounds; the color could always be detected in the 

 urine, and the feces became softer. B. A dog received 581 milligrams per 

 kilogram body weight at one dose; that is, 407 grains per 100 pounds body weight. 

 There was no vomiting and no diarrhea; the dye persisted in the urine for 72 

 hours. C. The same dog, after recovering from the foregoing, received daily 

 one-tenth the above dose for 9 days; the dyestuff was found in the urine and the 

 feces and movements were normal; dissection showed nothing abnormal. 

 D. A human swallowed 100 milligrams, or 1.5 grains; no untoward symptoms 

 are recorded; the urine remained colored for 24 hours. From the foregoing 

 Frentzel concludes that this coloring matter is absolutely harmless. 



2. CHLOPIN (Zts. Ndhr. Genussm., 1902, v. 5, p. 241): A. A dog received 305 milli- 



grams per kilogram body weight; that is, 104 grains per 100 pounds body weight; 

 no color administered for four days; the same dose was given on alternate days 

 six times, and the dose was increased 50 per cent, and that dose administered 

 twice, and the original dose was given on the next alternate day; altogether the 

 animal received per kilogram body weight, 3,355 milligrams, or 1,144 grains 

 per 100 pounds body weight, in a period of 22 days, or an average of 153 milli- 

 grams per kilogram body weight per day, or 52 grains per day per 100 pounds 

 body weight. At the end of the twelfth day albuminuria set in, and it required 

 three weeks after ceasing the administration of the color for the albuminuria 



