110 COAL-TAR COLORS USED IN FOOD PRODUCTS. 



5, LEWIN (Lehrbuch der Toxikologie, 1897, p. 231): Produces eczema, and cites 



Deutsch Med. Wochenschr., 1891, p. 45. 



6. FRAENKEL (p. 575): "When the Azo dyestuffs do not contain any sulpho group 



they are poisonous. Thus, for example, Bismarck Brown * * *. This 

 produces no effect in small doses; on the other hand, doses of 350 milligrams 

 per kilogram of animal (245 grains per 100 pounds) produce albuminuria and 

 vomiting." 



DOUBTFUL. 



1. HOUGHTON (/. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1907, v. 29, pp. 1351-1357): Hinders digestion 

 of fibrin, casein and albumen, in strengths of 1:100 or 1:400. 



G. T. 201. 



Trade names. Manchester Brown EE; Bismarck Brown R; 

 Vesuvin B. 



Names under which it was offered on the United States market as a 

 food color in 1907. Vesuvin 4 B Cone. Z; Vesuvin B. 



Scientific name. Hydrochloric! of toluene-disazo-meta-tolylene- 

 diamin. 



Discovered and patented. 1878. 



Shade. Reddish brown. Offered by 2 out of 12 sources. 



UNFAVORABLE. 



1. LEWIN (Lehrbuch der Toxicologie, 1897, p. 231}: "Produces eczema," and cites 



Deutsch. Med. Wochenschr., 1891, p. 45. 



NOTE. The literature is not always conclusive as between Nos. 197 and 201, and 

 probably most, if not all, the references under No. 197 also apply to No. 201. 



G. T. 240. 



Trade name. Congo Red. 



Name under which it was offered on the United States market as a 

 food color in 1907. Congo. 



Scientific name. Sodium salt of diphenyl-disazo-binaphthionic 

 acid. 



Discovered and patented. 1884. 



Shade. Red. Offered by 1 out of 12 sources. 



FAVORABLE. 



1. WEYL: "According to Experiments 1 and 2 Congo Red is, after long-continued 



administration by the stomach, harmless." 



2. A. A dog received 274 milligrams per kilogram body weight, or 192 grains per 100 



pounds; thisdose was repeated next day, when the urinebecame pale, was strongly 

 alkaline and contained albumen; the next day the same dose was repeated, 

 whereupon the urine was of a weak red color, and a little albumen present; 

 the next day the dose was increased to 411 milligrams per kilogram body 

 weight, or 298 grains per 100 pounds; the urine was somewhat reddish and con- 

 tained a little albumen. No color was given for 6 days, at the end of which 

 time the urine was reddish, and deposited a reddish sediment, probably Congo. 

 At the end of that time the dose was increased to 685 milligrams per kilogram 



