6 NOTES. 



The rotting of the second crop, evidently operates as a manure to the succeed- 

 ing one. 



91 Communication from John Middleton, Esq. Clay, occasionally fit for 

 the potteries, as well as pipes, and fire bricks, though more generally only fit 

 for other bricks and tiles, is frequently met with incumbent on chalk, and may 

 be used as manure to it, with much advantage. Ditto. 



92 See Dr Pearson's Essay on the subject, Communications to the Board of 

 Agriculture, vol. iv. p. 321. 



93 Communications to the Board of Agriculture, vol. iii. p. 112. 



94 Davis of Longleat's Essay. See Communications to the Board of Agri- 

 culture, vol. iii. p. 85. 



95 Mr Boys of Betshanger's Essay. Communications to the Board of Agri- 

 culture, vol. iii. p. 257. Paring and burning a thin chalky soil, however strange 

 it may seem, is justified by experience. A considerable covering of coarse worth- 

 less herbage and moss, accumulates by time, which is thus got rid of, and pro- 

 duces fertility. 



96 It is only necessary to use the black subsoil of the chalk stratum, as a ma- 

 nure to this soil, in order to secure abundant crops of corn or grass. Commu- 

 nication from John Middleton, Esq. 



97 Clydesdale Report, p. 23 ; Northamptonshire Report, p. 10 ; Derbyshire 

 Report, vol. ii. p. 176. 



98 Kames's Gentleman Farmer, p. 323. 



99 Kirwan on Manures ; Transactions of the Irish Academy, vol. v. p. 135. 

 The sand which loam contains, is as fine as meal, in the proportion of 87 of sand, 

 to 13 of clay. See Kirwan's Elements of Mineralogy, vol. i. p. 324. 



100 Ayrshire Report, p. 28, 29 ; Inverness-shire Report, p. 9 ; Kincardine- 

 shire Report, p. 28. In the valuable Report of Middlesex, p. 20, the same 

 observation is made. Mr Middleton there remarks, that a perfect sand, clean 

 gravel, or pure clay, is not now, perhaps, to be found in any part of the county. 

 By the operation of the elements, by manure and cultivation, the surface of all 

 the lands of the county has assumed, more or less, the appearance of loam. 



101 Some Authors make a distinction between " sandy loams," in which the 

 loam predominates, and " loamy sands," in which sand most prevails ; the for- 

 mer are best calculated for pasturing large stock ; the latter for sheep pasture. 



102 Young's Calendar, p. 475 ; Young's Norfolk, p. 4. 



103 Young's Calendar, p. 475. 104 Cheshire Report, p. 170. 



105 The conversion of permanent pastures, to crops of lucern, where the soil 

 and climate are favourable, cannot be too strongly recommended. 



106 Sir Humphry Davy's Essay. Communications to the Board of Agricul- 

 ture, vol. iv. p. 514. 



107 Stirlingshire Report, p. 23. This may, in a great measure, be effected 

 by deep ploughing and good cultivation. Remark by Edward Burroughs, Esq. 



108 Kirwan's Elements of Mineralogy, vol. i. p. 324. 



109 Communications to the Board of Agriculture, vol. iii. p. 117, note. 



1 1O Hints on the Agricultural State of the Netherlands, p. 72 ; Derbyshire 

 Report, vol. ii. p. 268. 



111 Sir Humphry Davy's Lectures, p. 56. 



112 Young's Calendar, p. 474. 



1 13 Curwen's Report, p. 16. 



114 Hence the risk of impoverishing the soil, by the cultivation of potatoes, 

 to be sold off the farm, unless where town manure can be purchased. 



115 Sir Humphry Davy's Lectures, p. 178. 



116 The roots of wheat penetrate very deep, if the soil is porous. 



117 On this important subject, see Mr William Smith's Memoir, and Map 

 of the Strata before referred to. 



1 1 8 Thus a peaty soil is improved, when properly blended with a clayey 

 subsoil, either by ploughing or trenching. Remark by Edward Burroughs, 

 Esq. 



119 See Brown's Treatise on Rural Affairs, vol. i. p. 77 ; and Dr Coven- 



