NOTES. 33 



149 Hints on the Agricultural State of the Netherlands, p. 73. 



150 Young's Lecture on the Husbandry of three celebrated British far- 

 mers, p. 1 8. It was Arbuthnot who first discovered the merits of the South- 

 down breed, now held in such high estimation. 



151 Husbandry of Scotland, vol. i. p. 56. 



152 Derbyshire Report, vol. ii. p. 494. 



153 Gloucestershire Roport, p. 263. 



154 Northumberland Report, p. 128. 



155 General Report of Scotland, vol. ii. p. 446. 



156 The expense varies in different cases, from three farthings to six far- 

 things per rod of six ells. There is a person near Peebles, who will contract for 

 executing such works, and will give in an estimate of the expense. 



157 The borings and pits made and sunk by colliers, in various parts of 

 Great Britain, had the same effect. Derbyshire Report, vol. i. p. 501. But 

 till the time of Elkington, boring never was made use of in making drains. 



158 General Report of Scotland, vol. ii. p. 436. 



159 Derbyshire Report, vol. ii. p. 361, and 382. 



1 60 It is not unusual to divide the business of draining between the landlord 

 and the tenant. By the former the drains are made in a proper direction, 

 and of a proper depth, while the tenant bears half the expense of procuring the 

 stones, leading them, and placing them in the ditch. The landlord should ap- 

 point the men to put in the stones, and to fill up the earth. 



161 A real statesman should always keep this maxim in view, " That laws 

 ought to change with the circumstances of a country ; and above all, that the 

 same system, which might be calculated to govern and to secure the sustenance 

 of six millions of inhabitants, will not answer equally well when the population 

 has increased to twelve millions, or upwards." The changes, however, should 

 be gradual, and at a proper season. If they are too long pertinaciously resist- 

 ed, the evil increases, too many alterations must be made at once, and the 

 changes are then attended with the hazards of convulsion. 



162 Coventry's Discourses, p. 37. 



163 Report of the Agriculture of Hertfordshire, by Arthur "Young, Esq. 

 p. 40. 



164 A particular detail of the process by which this manure is prepared, is 

 given in a work written by Le B. E. V. B. Crud Economic de 1' Agriculture, 

 printed at Paris and Geneva, in one vol. 4to. See p. 550, No. 289. In some 

 parts of Germany, the same process is adopted, under the name of Guile. 



165 Called putrescent, being liable to natural decomposition or decay. 



166 In some experiments made at Great Ponton, near Grantham, on a poor 

 dry soil, the manure from a horse-yard, and that from a yard where neat cattle 

 were wintered, were used separately for turnips ; the former had greatly the ad- 

 vantage. It would have been right to have tried the effect of a mixture of the 

 two. 



1 67 The propriety of this mixture of the dung of various animals, is very ably 

 enforced by Mr Blaikie, in his short tract, " On the Economy of Farm-yard 

 Manure, and on other Rural Subjects," p. 3, &c. &c. 



168 Middlesex Report, p. 305. 



169 Brown's Treatise on Rural Improvements, vol. i. p. 567, 3G8. 



170 Communication from Mr Dudgeon of Prora, in East Lothian, of an ex- 

 periment made in 1814. Mr Brown of Markle states, that if straw were simply 

 to be rotted by moisture from the heavens, the original weight would be thereby 

 doubled ; but when rotted by the urine and dung of turnip-fed stock, there can 

 be no doubt, but that for every ton of straw carried to the fold-yard, four tons of 

 dung will be carried to the field, provided the manufacturing process has been 

 properly conducted. 



171 Mr Arthur Young's Essay on Manures, p. 153. This valuable Treatise 

 is contained in the 10th volume of the Papers of the Bath Society. 



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