78 NOTES. 



426 Trench ploughing, for garden farming, costs from 30s. to 50s. per. acre; 

 whereas digging and trenching with the spade costs from 50s. to L. 4 per 

 acre ; and deep trenching with the spade, from L.4 to L. 6, and, in some cases, 

 even L.8 per acre. 



427 General Report of Scotland, vol. ii. p. 74; Gloucestershire Report, 

 p. 1 96 ; Berks Report, p. 305. 



428 Berks Report, p. 305. 



429 On the subject of farmers' gardens, more especially cultivated by the 

 plough, some valuable hints will be found in the Annals of Agriculture, vol. 

 xxxix. p. 228, and 304. 



430 Bedfordshire Report, p. 458. 



431 The best white wine is made from the large Dutch white currant, but 

 the sugar must not be of inferior quality. From the black currant, an excellent 

 liquor is manufactured, which is called gazle wine in Kent. See the recipe in 

 Marshall's Southern Districts, vol. i. p. 318. 



432 A carpenter at Steyning, plants about 20 rods of his garden with what 

 is called " the under ground onion" and potatoe sprouts, and sells annually 2O 

 bushels of onions at I Os. per bushel, and 30 bushels of potatoes at 2s. or L. 13 

 in all. As there are 160 rods in an acre, the above is a large return. He also 

 raises radishes and celery on the same ground. Communication from Mr Ban- 

 nister of Steyning. The ground onions are sown in March, as potatoes, and 

 earthed up like them. The principal advantage derived from cultivating them 

 is, their being earlier than the common onion, unless the latter are sown in 

 autumn, and transplanted in the spring, which is often done in the neighbour- 

 hood of London, with the aid of glasses. 



433 General Report of Scotland, vol. ii. p. 65. 



434 Ibid. vol. iv. p. 422. 



435 Essex Report, vol. ii. p. 131. 



436 Communication from John Middleton, Esq. It is said that some land 

 is let, near Hoxton, to some London citizens who amuse themselves with gar- 

 dening, at the ate of L.5 for a plot of ground containing only two hundred 

 square yards, which is the highest rented land, for cultivation, known in the 

 kingdom. 



437 General Report of Scotland, vol. ii. p. 89. 



438 Bedfordshire Report, p. 457. The soil at Sandy is so favourable to ve- 

 getables, that cucumbers and onions are sown broad-cast, in the open fields. 

 The produce is partly sent to the London markets. 



459 General Report of Scotland, vol. ii. p. 93. The acre mentioned in this 

 chapter of the General Report of Scotland is the Scotch one, which is one- 

 fifth more than the English. A proportional deduction from the rents therein 

 specified has been made, to make the rent applicable to the English or statute 

 acre. 



440 In regard to farmers, also, they cannot be too attentive to the quality of 

 the seeds they sow, and they should not only select their clover and other seeds 

 from the stock or sample, but they should see those seeds weighed or measured, 

 and, to prevent imposition, should see the seeds delivered to the person who is 

 to have the charge of them. It is by attention to these minutiae that the active 

 and industrious farmer is distinguished. 



441 The objects of the latter institution are declared to be, " The promoting 

 and improving the cultivation and improvement of the best kinds of fruit, of 

 the choicest flowers, and of the vegetables which are most useful in the kit- 

 chen." The display of fruits, flowers, and vegetables, at some of the meetings, 

 has been such, as to draw forth the admiration of the most experienced amateurs, 

 and of the best practical judges. Upwards of 20O prize medals have been dis- 

 tributed by the Society since its institution ; and a number of valuable papers 

 have been published in its Memoirs. 



442 With a view of exciting emulation, it is a good plan to have annual 

 shews of fruits or vegetables, for the purpose of directing the attention of gar- 

 deners to the best varieties of the different sorts. In Manchester they have celery 



