86 NOTES. 



607 On this account, it ought to be a favourite object with the apparent in- 

 heritors of estates, to turn their attention to the planting, pruning, thinning, and 

 other improvements, of the property they are likely to possess. Derbyshire Re- 

 fart, vol. ii. p. 339. 



608 Somerset Report, p. 128. 



609 Wilts Report, p. 87. 



610 Entitled, " Report of the Committee for Experiments on the Naturali- 

 " zation of useful and ornamental Plants, under the Climate of Scotland," &c. 

 &c. Drawn up by John Yule, M.D. F.R.S. 



CHAP. V. 



1 See " Some Thoughts on Agriculture, both Ancient and Modern," print- 

 ed in the works of Dr SamuelJohnston, edit. 1806, by Murphy, vol. ii. p. 440. 

 A modern writer compares agriculture to speech : " Agriculture, (he observes), 

 " is an art which can live without all others, but no other without it. This art 

 " is like speech, without which the society of men cannot be preserved j the 

 " others, like figures and tropes of speech, which serve only to adorn it." An- 

 other modern author denominates the productions of the soil, " The fountains 

 ' of national wealth and independence ; and the source of individual prosperity 

 " and riches." CurweiCs Report, p. 1. 



2 Holland is commonly adduced as an instance in opposition to this doctrine ; 

 but even there, a considerable surplus of butter, cheese, and other agricultural 

 productions, is exported to other countries ; and its power and wealth, princi- 

 pally arose from its extensive fisheries, and from its situation at the mouth of 

 great estuaries, and large rivers, with a vast extent of continent behind it, which 

 it supplied with goods. It was thus rendered particularly fit, both for carrying 

 on trade, and for general commerce. 



3 Malthus's Inquiry into Rent, p. 10. An American statesman, has ably 

 described the importance of agriculture in the following words : " The faculty 

 " of cultivating the earth, and of rearing animals, by which food is increased be- 

 " yond the spontaneous supplies of nature, belongs to man alone. No other ter- 

 " restial being, has received a higher gift than an instinct, like that of the bea- 

 " ver, or the ant, which merely hoards for future use, the food spontaneously 

 " furnished by nature." See Mr Maddison's Address to the Agricultural So- 

 ciety of Albemarle, May 12. 1819; printed in The American Farmer, Au- 

 gust 20. 1819. 



4 The following is the value of the surplus produce per acre in this case : 



11 bushels and a peck of grain of various sorts, at 8s L.4 10 O 



Butchers' meat, 070 



Total, L.4 17 



5 In this case, the value of the surplus produce per acre is : 



10 bushels of various sorts of grain at 8s L.4 



Butchers' meat, 10 



L.4 10 O 



6 Montesquieu observes, " that agriculture, that greatest of all manufactures, 

 " ought to flourish, before what we commonly call manufactures, can properly 

 " be considered as articles of trade and commerce ; and after cultivation is at 

 " its height, those manufactures ought first to be encouraged, which work upon 

 " materials of our own growth ; and, last of all, those which employ foreign 

 " materials." 



