INDEX. 173 



Earth, covering the surface with, 160 ; essential to vegetation, App. 8. 



Earthy manures, 224 ; divided into mould or loam, peat-earth, ib. ; 

 clay or sand, burnt clay, 225 ; sea-ooze or warp, mud, and road 

 scrapings, 226. 



Early maturity of cattle, importance of, 88. 



Eccleston, Mr, instrument for draining invented by, 192. 



Edinburgh, extent of kitchen gardens near, 442. 



Effects of climate on the expense of cultivation, 15. 



Elder, peculiarly fitted for resisting the influence of the sea, 487 ; 

 said to protect plants from insects, Add. 76. 



Elkington, Mr, mode of draining discovered accidentally by, 182, 

 Notes, 31. 



Elm, the, a most valuable tree, 489. 



Elevated lands, plantations on, 480. 



Elevation, effects of, on the value of a farm, 36 ; injurious effects of, 

 on the cultivation of grain and herbage, 37 ; sixty yards of, equal 

 to a degree of latitude, 36 ; of a farm above the sea to be consider- 

 ed, 37 ; the highest at which wheat can be cultivated, ib. 



Embanking, its advantages, 290. 



Embankments, their nature and advantages, 290 ; protect lands from 

 inundation, and prevent the encroachments of the sea, 291 ; are 

 protections against lakes and rivers, 291, 292; various kinds of, 

 293; made for reclaiming land from the sea, 294; public aid some- 

 times necessary in making, 518. 



Encouragements, public, what a wise government ought to bestow for 

 the advancement of agriculture, 507. 



Entailed estates, how many might be improved, 519. 



Eradicator used in Norfolk, 1 14. 



Estimates, various, on the produce, expense, and surplus of farms, 25, 

 26. 



of the profit of farming, 67. 



of the average expense of fallowing an English acre of 



strong clayey soil, App. 37. 



Exotic plants and animals, introduction of, 15. 



Expenditure, domestic, 69. 



Experimental farms, their importance, 511; the manner in which 

 they ought to be managed, ib. 



Experiments necessary for the improvement of agriculture, 511. 



Exposure, its effects on crops, 38. 



Fallow, improved system of summer, as practised in the Lothians, 

 App. 36 ; expense of, 37. 



process, by an eminent farmer, called the main-spring of 



Scottish husbandry, 256. 



Fallowing, summer, 248 ; controversy respecting its advantages, 248 ; 

 the question considered as applicable to Scotland, 249 ; to Eng- 

 land, 253 ; to Ireland, 255. 



Fallows now restricted to strong clayey lands, 249 ; render the soil 

 friable, ib. ; destroy and prevent weeds, as well as snails and in- 

 sects, ib. ; their other advantages stated, 250 ; expense of, 251 ; a 

 great reduction in the frequency of, 252 ; occasional, thought ne- 



