EXPLANATIONS OF THE PLATES. 



PLATE I. 



Plan of Farms and Farm-Buildings. 



THIS plate is intended to give an idea of the most advantageous arrange- 

 ment of a Farm, and its buildings, hitherto suggested, and the most eligible 

 rotations of crops, whether in a strong or in a turnip soil. 



No. 1. Is the plan of a strong loamy, or clay land farm, of 500 acres, 

 divided into six fields, of 50 acres each, under the most productive rota- 

 tion for such soils, namely, 1. Fallow, or fallow crops ; 2. Wheat or Barley ; 

 3. Clover; 4. Oats; 5. Beans; 6. Wheat. 



No. 2. Is the plan of a turnip-land farm, of 400 acres, divided into eight 

 fields of 40 acres each, and four fields of 20 acres, under a rotation of four 

 crops, 1. Turnips, or other green crops ; 2. Wheat or Barley; 3. Clover ; 

 and, 4. Oats : but it is in general advisable, to have one or two years' pas- 

 ture, after the clover, to insure an abundant crop of oats; hence this is 

 likewise a rotation of six crops. 



The house and offices are supposed to be situated in the centre of the 

 farm, the advantages of which are very great. The farm-house to be placed 

 either in the front of, or behind the garden, according to circumstances. 

 The corners to be all rounded, to prevent accidents to carts. The thrash- 

 ing-barn and mill, with its horse course, to be adjoining to the corn-yard. 

 The yard to be so intersected by roads, that every stack may be accessible 

 at any time, to be easily conveyed to the barn. The ponds and well, to be 

 conveniently situated. The houses and gardens for the farm-servants, to 

 be at a moderate distance from the house. The corners of the fields only 

 to be planted, and the hedges to be kept low, for the admission of air, and 

 to prevent vermin. An industrious farmer, could well afford to pay from 

 one-fourth to one-third more rent, for a farming establishment constructed 

 on these principles, than for one arranged in the confused and inconve- 

 nient manner in which farms are usually laid out. 



PLATE II. 



Description of the Improved Stein-lough, the Grubber, and Mill for 

 m a king o-Barley. 



No. 1. This represents the left hand, or land-side of the improved swing- 

 plough, when completed. A B, the beam ; B C, the left hand stilt, or lar- 

 ger handle ; D E, the coulter ; D F G, the sock or share ; I K G H, are 

 cast-iron plates, nailed on the land-side of the plough, to prevent the wood 

 from wearing ; K H, the back-end of the mould-board ; S, the sheath ; 



