INDEX. 



405 



TAI 



rpAILOR-BIRD, nest of the, 309 



JL Tallegalla, or brush-turkey, nest of 



the, 310 



Terebella conchilega, 168 

 Termites, nests of, 233, 234 

 Thistle forests in South America, 91 

 Thoracostraca, 177 



stomatopoda, 177 



decapoda, 177 

 Thorns of plants, 67, 68 

 Tides, causes of the, 22 



influence of the, on marine life, 23 

 Tiger and the dog, friendship between 



the, 372 

 Tiger-beetle, alimentary canal of the, 



196 



larva of the, 214 



Toads, their concealment from their 



enemies, 274 



Tongues of mammalia, 348 

 Tornado, its beneficial effects, 36 

 Torpedo, electrical organs of the, 255 

 Tortoise, defences of the, 268 



legs of the, 272 

 Toucan, tongue of the, 298 

 Trapdoor spiders, 240 

 Tree-frog, habits of the, 274 

 Trees, roots of forest, 57 



the various growth of, 65 



the stems of trees and their struc- 



ture, 65 



characters of the wood of .different 



trees, 69 



harmonies between the trunks of 



trees and the wants of man, 69 

 Trogidse, defences of the, 205 

 Trypoxylon, nest of the, 226 

 Tupuba, nest of the, 305 

 Turbellaria, 171 



Turkey-buzzards, memory of, 314 

 Turtles, defences of, 269 



loggerheads, 270 



legs of the turtle, 272 



URANUS, discovery of, by Herschel, 

 5 

 Utricularia vulgaris, fructification of, 82 



TTALLISNERIA spiralis, curious fruc- 

 V tification of, 83 

 Vanessse, defences of the, 205 

 Vegetable life, antagonism between 



animal and, 17 

 snow and ice as protectors of, 32, 



33 

 character of the vegetation of the 



coal-fields, 42 

 prodigious variety of plants on 



the surface of the earth, 49 



WIN 



Vegetable life continued. 



the vegetable cell, and its meta- 

 morphoses, 50, 51 



mode of growth of plants, 51 



rapidity of growth of some of the 



inferior plants, 51 



structure of the higher order of 



plants, 52 



magnificence of the vegetable 



world, 53 



roots of plants, 54 



stems of plants, 65 



defences of plants, 67 



leaves of plants, 7 1 



blossoms, 79 



seeds, 84 



progress of vegetation on the 



originally naked rock, 92 



Vegetable mould. See Humus 



Velella, locomotion of the, 130 



Venomous apparatus of spiders, 235 



Venus' s fly-trap, leaves of, 75 



Venus's chariot, 159 



Vicuna, its caution and swiftness, 370 



Viper, poison apparatus of the, 278 



Volvox globator, the, 96 



Vorticella cyathina, 108 



WADING-birds, 291 

 head and legs of, 291 

 Walking-leaf insect, 206 

 Walking-stick insect, 206 

 Walrus, its protective instinct, 370 



its happiness, 381 

 Wanderoo, leaps of the, 331 

 Wasp, nest of the, 229 



nest of the social wasp, 230 

 Water, effects of, on the formation of the 



earth, 37, 38 



effects of running water at various 



velocities, 39 



Water-beetles, legs of the, 199 

 Water-plants, fructification of, 82 

 Water-scorpion, tracheal system of the, 



202 



Water-spiders, 241 



Weasels, their weapons of aggression, 356 

 Weaver, defence of the, 251 

 Weaver-bird, nest of the, 306 

 Webs of spiders, 236 

 Whale-lice, 177, 179 

 Whales, tails of, 336, 357 



their weapons of defence, 357 



their parental affection, 374 

 Wild boar, tusks of the, 344 



Winds, importance of the, to the purity 

 of the atmosphere, 1 7 



causes of the, 17, 18 



winds as a means of disseminating 



seeds, 85, 86 



