THE OPEN SEA 77 



for part of their life and at home elsewhere 

 at another period. Thus the guillemots and 

 puffins, which nest in early summer in such 

 vast numbers on some of the British bird-cliffs, 

 are open-sea birds for a considerable part of 

 the year. Many shore animals, such as crab 

 and rock-lobster, star-fish and sea-urchin, have 

 free-swimming larvse in the open water, often 

 many miles from the coast. Jelly-fishes are 

 characteristically open-sea animals, their strand- 

 ing on flat beaches being quite accidental, but 

 it should be noticed that the common and 

 cosmopolitan jelly-fish, Aurelia aurita, passes 

 through a juvenile fixed stage, attached to rock 

 or seaweed. 



THE WHALE AS A GREAT BUNDLE 

 OF FITNESSES 



The mammals of the open sea are the 

 Cetaceans, giants like the Right Whale and the 

 Sperm Whale, and small ones like dolphins and 

 porpoises. All of them have such mastery of 

 their medium that they must be ranked among 

 the conquerors of the open sea. Let us think 

 for a little of the whale as a great bundle of 

 fitnesses, taking especially the Greenland or 



