134 ELEPHANTS 



Mountain region and the Coast Range to the extreme limits 

 of northern and western Alaska. In Alaska the tusks and 

 bones of this species are quite common. In northern Siberia 

 mammoth tusks have for many years been so common that 

 they have formed a staple article of commerce. 



In the caves of southern France and Spain there are many 

 drawings of Mammoths (as well as of aurochs, wild boars, 

 horses and reindeer), crudely executed, to be sure, but so 

 thoroughly characteristic as to be quite unmistakable. In 

 the cavern at Font-de-Gamne there is a strong drawing of a 

 procession of four Mammoths and other animals. Some of 

 these drawings were made perhaps forty thousand years ago, 

 and they are well preserved. (See American Museum Journal, 

 December, 1912.) 



Near Doylestown, Pennsylvania, there was found in 1872 

 a stone which bore on one of its sides a crude engraving of 

 an elephantine animal being attacked by men. This is known 

 to history as "the Lenape stone." 



Truly 'there were giants in those days," and primitive 

 man struggled with them for the survival of the fittest. 



LIVING SPECIES OF ELEPHANTS 



Of the elephant species living to-day we will mention the 

 three that are most important. 



The Sudan African Elephant (Elephas oxyotis) is one of 



the largest of the seven well-recognized species of elephants 



inhabiting Africa to-day. As its name implies, it is a habitant 



of the great region in central East Africa vaguely known as 



' the Sudan." The two half -grown specimens in the New York 



