xxxii INTRODUCTION 



horns, any more than interior measurements would represent the 

 spread of a tree. 



3. The "Distance between tips" needs no explanation. 



4. The "Circumference at base" should, for all bovines, sheep, 

 goats, ibex, and deer, be taken in a circle around the largest diameter 

 of the horns. The tape should not follow the meanderings of the 

 end of a sheep's horn. With the antlers of all members of the Deer 

 Family, the circumference should be measured immediately above 

 the burr. 



5. "Width of palmation" of moose and caribou should always 

 be measured where the palmation is widest. 



6. A "Point" on an antler is any pointed projection of sufficient 

 length that a watch can hang upon it without falling off. 



7. The "Weight of horns" must state whether it be with "entire 

 skull," or "with skull-piece" only. 



8. Shed antlers that have been set artificially on a manufac- 

 tured skull, or frame, are not entitled to measurement for "spread"; 

 but where a skull has been sawn in two lengthwise by a clean cut, 

 and bolted together again without alteration of the sawn surfaces, it 

 is entitled to measurement for "spread" and "distance between 

 tips." 



