284 



PROTOCYATHEACExA.E 



[CH. 



growing at first horizontally with arrested leaves, turn upwards as new radial 

 shoots like the parent (Fig. 547). 



The rachis bears a dense felt of hairs even when mature, but it has neither 

 basal pinnae nor armature of thorns, though in large leaves some low 



Fig. 548. Pinm 



the \enation .nm suii. 

 (Drawn by Mr Maxwell.) 



) la >>ho\\ ing 

 (Eiilaiged.) 



Fig. 547. Upright stock of Lophosoria, after 

 removal of the hairy covering. The erect 

 appendages are all leaves, of which those in- 

 serted lower down are abortive, while those 

 higher up are developed. From the base of 

 several of them, but not of all, arise horizontal 

 solenostelic runners. Note the emergences on 

 the bases of the fully developed leaves. (Half 

 natural size.) (From a drawing by Dr J. M. 

 Thompson.) 



emergences may appear at the extreme base. Hairs persist on the veins of 

 the under side of the pinnules, but the general surface is glaucous. The 

 pinnules themselves are narrow, with crenate margins turned downwards: 

 the venation is forked but sympodially developed, without fusions, while 

 the circular sori are inserted with regularity upon the lowest anadromic 

 veinlet of the ultimate pinnule (Fig. 548). All this is just as it is seen in the 

 pinnules of G. linearis or pectinata. The number of the sporangia in each 



