140 CAKE AM> TKAIXING OF TH0TT?:KS AND PACEKS. 



g-ood flat bearing surface, together with a firm 

 foothold on either a hard or soft track. It does 

 away with the toe grab and its difficult break-over. 

 It usuall}- works better when fitted with a pair of 

 heels or jar calks to break the concussion on a hard 

 track. It also makes a good foundation for a bar 

 shoe. The swedged shoe works well behind also ; 

 it gives the horse a perfect toe grab without any 

 elevation of the toe and with no danger of a badly 

 cut quarter, which is often caused by the ordinary 

 toe grab. A swedged shoe is considerably lighter in 

 weight than a plain grab shoe and at the same time 

 furnishes a better surface for the foot. The op- 

 ponents of the swedged shoe say the swedge fills 

 up with dirt, but, as someone else has asked, what 

 gives a better foothold on dirt than dirt itself? 



(4) ScooPED-RoLLED ToE Shoe. — This is an 

 excellent type of shoe for trotters, as it allows a 

 free break-over while the ridge which separates the 

 roll and scoop, when properly made, furnishes a 

 fair grab or hold to prevent slipping back. 



(5) Four-Calk Shoe. — This form of shoe has 

 not been in great demand of late years, but at one 

 time was very widely used as an anti-knee knocking 

 shoe. The four sharp calks were supposed to keep 

 the foot from making a twist when about to leave 

 the ground. 



(6) Scooped Toe Bar Shoe. — This is an anti- 

 elbow hitting shoe invented by Ren Nash and has 



