K. .1. (\)LUNS 145 



nenmt-ii fnun various innss ori^jms and spoivs, ihrt'o cultiin's of Fuiutntt 

 hi/(;n)metnc*i wtTr nmdf in Marchals' nutrii-nt li(|ui(i. Thrsr rulturcH 

 wrre ohtainrd (ci) tVoni antlu'ridia takm from ]i Hiiigh* male " How(;r," 

 (6) fnun |)*Ti^onial loavos, ami (r) from the M|K>n'H shi'd from one ri|M'n«(l 

 ca|)suK\ P2ach culturt' whm sufticiontly ^rowii was |H)un'(| out u|)<ni 

 soil ct>ntainiMl in a small carthciiwari' pot, owr which hoilin^' wat«'r had 

 boiMi pi>ure<i smnv littK' time previously. The jhiIs were then eov<'re(i 

 and 8t<KHl in a eold frame. When the |)rot()nemal felt was observed 

 gniwin^ strongly, the coverings were removed and no further attenti«»n 

 was given to the pots. Later however it was oh.served that whilst the 

 sward of plants obt^iiiu'd from the culture from spores had produced a 

 dense crop of sporogonia, a close swani of plants with large discoid luale 

 "flowers" had appeared in the two cultures resulting from antheridia 

 and jvrigonial leaves. A second crop of discoid male " floweix " was 

 pnxluced by these same cultures but no s|K)rogonia were produced at 

 any time'. Photographs of two of these cultures, A from sj)ores and 

 li from antheridia, are repnxluced on Plate VI. 



It apjx'ars i)ossible that vegetative development from structures 

 borne on male and female axes respectively may, if a sex segi'egation 

 has actually occurred somatically, lead to the production of distinct 

 male and female plants. If such is the case the jmrity of the (jamete in 

 monoicoits forms is secured by a somatic segregation in haploid tissue. 

 It is interesting to recall in this connection that El. and Em. Marchal 

 have stated for FunaHa, that J" axes and % axes may arise from the 

 same protonema and that this has led to a confusion concerning 

 monoicous and dioicous forms. Thus the point at which segregation 

 occurs is not necessarily fixed, but may be shifted backward in the life 

 cycle until it occurs at sporogenesis. Thus the dioicous habit of the 

 gametophyte may, as we can imagine, have been established. In this 

 way the dioicous condition might co-exist with the monoicous (autoicous), 

 a state of affairs known U) occur in some mosses, e.g. Dicranella crispn, 

 or the autoicous condition might be accompanied by distinct male plants 

 e.g. Bryum mamillatum. 



Other forms might be mentioned which show varying sex conditions, 

 whilst vegetative propagation from sex- segregated axes would also learl 

 to the prcKluction of the various sex-forms of <jne species. 



The generalized scheme figured on p. 146 deals with sex segregation 

 and vegetative reproduction in both monoicous and dioicous types. 



^ Because of this interesting result, perichaetial leaves associated '.vith the archegonia 

 in Funaria are now being made the subject of a similar experiment. 



