288 



♦ KNOWLEDGE ♦ 



[Oct. 3, 1884. 



(f^ur CfefSe! Column* 



By Mephisto. 



THE GAMBIT DECLINED. 

 (Continued from p. 228.) 



THE easiest -way of declining the Gambit is by playing 1. P to 

 K4, P to K4. 2. P to KB4, B to B4. Of conrse White cannot 

 play 3. PxP, on account of Q to E5 (ch). A similar bad resnlt 

 would follow 3. B to B4, for then Black would play B x Kt. 

 4. R X B, Q to R5 (ch). 5. K to B sq., Q x P (ch), &c. Positions, 

 however, often occur in this Opening and the Vienna Game when 

 the check on E5 is disadvantageons for Black. Thns, for instance, 

 if White plays 3. QKt to B3, it would not be good to play as before, 

 ie 1. P to K4, P to K4. 2. P to KB4, B to B4. 3. QKt to B3, 

 B X Kt. 4. K X B, Q to R5 (ch). 5. P to Kt3, Q x RP. 6. R to 

 Kt2. Now the Q dare not play to R sq., as she would there be 

 sadly out of play, if Q to RG, White can play 7. PxP with a strong 

 centre and an open game, or he may first play 7. Kt to Q5, followed 

 by P X P and Kt to B4. 



The Q is often lost in this variation. It follows that discrimina- 

 tion is required before (ch) on R5 is given in this Opening. It is 

 mostly good if Black has the chance of doing so after the White 

 KB has moved. 



In reply to 3. Kt to QB3, Black plays :— 



3. 



Black. 



t i t i 



^ s 



lit 





P to Q3. 

 Kt to KB3 

 P to B3 

 Q toK2 



4. Kt to B3 



5. B to B4 (a) 



6. P to Q3 

 (threatening P to Q4) 



7. Q to K2 B to Kt5 



8. B to K3 Kt to Q2 



9. Castles QR Castles QR 

 and the position is fairly even. 



(a) White would jeopardise 

 his position if 5. P x P, PxP. 

 6. Kt x P, Q to Q5. 7. Kt to Q3, 

 B to Kt3. Although a P ahead. 

 White has a very bad position 

 S. Q to B3, B to KKtS, followed 

 by Castles with a strong attack. 



Instead of P to B3 Black may 

 on his 5th move play Kt to B3 

 in the main variation, when the following might result, 5. Kt to B3. 

 6. P to Q3. We have now a main position which occurs in another 

 variation of the Gambit Declined, when White plays 3. Kt to KB3, 

 and which is also brought about by a transposition of moves in the 

 Vienna game, i.e. : — 



White. 



P toK4 



2. P to KB4 



3. Kt to KB3 



4. B to B4 



5. P toQ3 



6. Kt to QB3 



P to K4, or 

 B to B4 

 P to Q3 

 Kt to KB3 

 Kt to QB3 



1. P to K4 



2. Kt to QB3 



3. P to B4 



4. Kt to B3 



5. B to B4 



6. P to Q3 



PtoK4 

 B to B4 

 P to Q3 

 Kt to QB3 

 Kt to B3 



Buck. 



It is therefore of more importance to know the main features of 

 an Opening, than merely to commit certain lines of play to memory. 

 A player who understands the principle of each opening (which we 

 endeavour to show) will, if he plays with judgment, mostly find the 

 right way of steering clear of danger, though the attacking moves 

 be varied. 



Now we are certain that in this position many a game has been 



lost by Black playing Kt to Kt5, 

 or that White (if he be a careful 

 player) in order to avoid the 

 position, crippled his game un- 

 necessarily, for in reality Kt to 

 Kt5 by proper defence will re- 

 sult in improving White's game, 

 i.e. : — 



6. Kt to KKt.5 



7. Q to K2 B to B7 (ch) 



8. K to B sq. B to Kt3 



9. P to KR3 Kt to B3 



10. P to Bo Kt to KR4 



11. Q to K sq. 

 to be followed by P to KKt4, and 

 White's game will be well- 



■Whitb. developed. Instead of 6. Kt to 



Kt5 Black may Castle without 



much danger or play B to KKtS. White may adopt another line 



of play, i.e., I. P to K, P to K4. 2. P to KB4, B to B4. 3. Kt to 



KB3, P to Q3. 4. P to B3. To this. Black would reply with 



B to KKtS. 5. B to B4, Kt to QB3. 6. P to Kt4, B to Kt3. 

 7. P to QR4, P to QE3, with a fair defence. 



With a slight transposition of the moves, we give the variation 

 of the game recently published in our columns between Zukertort 

 and Judd. 1. P to K4, P to K4. 2. P to KB4, B to B4. 3. Kt to 

 QB3, P to Q3. 4. Kt to B3, Kt to KB3. 5. B to B4, Castles. 

 6. P to Q3, P to B3. 7. Q to K2, P to QKt4. 8. B to Kt3. Here 

 we should play QKt to Q2, or Q to K2, with the intention of then 

 proceeding with P to QR4, B to R3, and R to K aq., &c. 



PROBLEM No. 129. 



Having last week amended the position by placing a Black P on 

 KKt4, we defer the solution till next week. 



ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. 



,*» Please address Chess Editor. 



W. W. Smith. — Pray excuse us if we did not succeed in making 

 ourselves intelligible— apparently an exceedingly difficult task. In 

 the position of the consiiltation game, second diagram, p. 189, after 

 White's 3'2nd more, the Black Q cannot play to Kt6. The whole 

 point of the position consists in the fact that the Black Q must 

 protect the KBP, as otherwise mate in four follows, i.e., 32. Q to 

 Kt6. 33. B to E7 (ch), Kto R sq. 31. B to Kt6 (ch), K to Kt sq. 

 35. Q to R7 (ch), K to B sq. 36. Q x P mate ; vide also analysis, 

 p. 208. 



E. W. T. — You are quite right. In the game Zukertort v. Judd. 

 p. 248, White would have done better to play 14. B x Kt, and if 

 then K X B, 15. Q to B3 (ch), followed by IG. Kt to K2. 



R. F. (Dundee.) — Received with thanks. It is a well-known 

 press rule that persons not wishing their name to appear, must 

 affix some other signature to their contributions. 



W. Fnmival. — Problem welcome, and will be examined. Solution 

 of 129 correct. 



F. J. D. — Thanks for vour kind promise. 



S. B. C— In Problem "No. 129, if 1. Kt to K4 (ch), K to Kt3. 



2. B to Kt4, Kt to Kt2, and yon cannot mate in two moves, for if 



3. Q to QBS, R to Kt sq. In Problem 130 vou have likewise not 

 struck oil, for if 1. Q to Kt2, R to Q7. '2. QxB (ch), other R 

 interposes, and there is no mate. 



Wm. De Morgan. — See above reply. 



Correct Solutions received. — Problem No. 12C, Chas. Wilbraham. 

 No. 127, W. Parker. No. 129, M. T. Hooton. No. 130, W., William 

 Godden, F. J. D. 



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Fhght of a Missile. (IZiin.) By 



Richard A. Proctor 252 



Education 253 



The Entomology of a Pond. Bv 



E. A. Butler...' .'. 2-5.3 



Notes on Coal By R. A. Proctor.. 2o5 

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de Fontenelle. With Notes by 



Hichard A. Proctor 256 



PlGl 



Dickens's Storv Left Half Told. 

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Post-Mortem Attitudes, (lltiu.) ... ii* 



The International Health Exhibi- 

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Reviews : — 

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Correspondence : — Tea-Drinkuig — 

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Out Chesa Cohmm 21:^ 



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