16i 



KNOWLEDGE 



[Feb. 20, 1885. 



dBm CJ)f£{s! Column, 



By Mepdisto. 



PROBLEM No. 148. 



By Edw. Caktkr. 



Blace. 



Whits. 

 White to play and mate iu three move?. 



OxE of twenty-one simultaneous jjames played at Workington 

 January 24, 1885 : — 



FKEXcn Defence. 



White. 

 Mr. Gunsbcr^. 



1. PtoK4 



2. P to Q,4 



3. QKt to B.3 



4. B to Q3 



5. Kt to B.3 



6. P to K5 



7. Castles 



8. QKt to K2 



9. B X Kt 



10. Kt to Kt3 



11. P to B3 



12. R to K scj. 



13. K to R sq. 



14. P to QKt3 



15. B to K3 (d) 

 10. Kt to K2 



17. P to B4 



18. PxP 

 10. Q to B2 



NOTES. 



(rt) B to K2, or Kt to QB3, or KB3 is better. 

 (h) A nseful move, strengthening the position. 



(c) Evidently with the intention of playing P to QB4. 



(d) This leads to trouble, as Black advances on the K's side. 



(e) The Kt is well posted on Q4. 



Black. 



fit t 



(/) A judiciong capture. It deprives White of any immediate 

 hope of playing Kt to K4, and to obtain a promising check on Q6. 

 Black's position is strong. 



{g) An error of judgment. Black should have exchanged the 

 Kt'e, when he would have remained with a safe draw in hand, 

 there being B's of opposite colours, the position, however, being 

 slightly in his favour. 



(}i) This turns the table in favour of White. 



((') One of those preparatary waiting moves made by instinct. 

 Of course after Kt to Q6 (ch), the K will have to play on to the Q's 

 side, on account of the discovered check (if K to B sq. by the 

 B on R3) then possibly the R on QB sq. will come into operation. 



(.i) Threatening R x" Kt ! followed by Kt to BC ch ! winning the Q. 



{k) Making the most use of one's pieces is the surest road to 

 victory. 



(') This admits of a strong reply. If, instead of Kt to K6 

 30. P to Kt.3, 31. Q to K2, i-c. 



{ui) In tlie vain attempt to save the piece; but, if instead of 

 Kt to B4, K to Q2, White wins easily with RxB, followed by B 

 discovering check, &c. 



The Co.st of Ikon Bridges. — A great reduction in the cost of 

 iron bridges and their construction has taken place within late 

 years. When the South Side or Kernville Bridge was built, some 

 years ago, its actual cost was over 18,000 dols. The Lincoln 

 Bridge, a much better structure, just completed, cost but 11,000 dols. 

 The bridge over the Coremangh at Blairsville, more than twice as 

 long as the South Side Bridge, fully as wide, with four times as 

 much masonry, in which the best of dressed stone has been used, 

 will cost, when completed, but little over 14,000 dols. Not only is 

 iron bridge building much cheaper than formerly, but the structures 

 are superior in many respects — Jnhngfon-n Trihunc. 



REMARk'Ai;r.E PuopiiEcv. — 111 a little shilling volume entitled The 

 ,S'i<v/f (-/ Louduii, reviewed on p. 50, in which the author hides his 

 identity under the pseudonym of " Fosteritas," the not very remote 

 incidents of British disaster in the Soudan were thus foretold. On 

 page 4 of the work in question we read ; "All this slaughter, how- 

 ever, and the unspeakable suffering and misery that followed in its 

 train, effected no purpose, beyond proving the magnificent valour 

 of the Arabs and the splendid fighting powers of the British soldiers. 

 The Mahdi's power was not crushed ; the British troops were 

 ordered to retire, and garrison after garrison in the Soudan were 

 given over to rapine and slaughter." Although the British troops 

 have, happily, not really been ordered to retire, the terrible event 

 which has just shocked the country gives suificient emphasis to the 

 remarks of "Fosteritas" to render them worthy of note in the 

 present juncture of afi'airs. 



Contents op No. 172. 



PAGE 



Nepded Star-Surveys. By K. A. 



Procter .". 110 



The Entomolof^j of a Pond, [iniis.) 



ByE. A. Butler 120 



Tricrcle-s in IsS.J. (Ittus.) By 



John Browniiit; 12i 



The Beginning of Life. By B. A. 



Proctor 123 



The Workshop at Home. {Illug.) 



By a Workiiig Man 124 



Chats on Geometrical Measurement. 



By R. A. Proctor 125 



Electricity Man's Slave. By T. A. 



Edison 127 



FAGI 

 The Kalerala. I. By Edward 



Clodd 139 



Fiist Star Lessons. (With ll,iji.) 



By E. A. Proctor 130 



Chapters on Modern Domestic 



Economy 132 



Editorial Gossip 133 



Reviews 134 



Face of the Sky. ByF.R.A.S 13C 



Ephenieris of Encke's Comet 13G 



Miscellanea 13t; 



Correspondenre 137 



Our luvenlorb' Column >39 



Our Chesfl Column 140 



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