196 



♦ KNOWLEDGE 



[March 6, 1885. 



late Rev. Henry Moule, now known as " Monle's Patent 

 Earth System." We have already detailed, at some length, 



FiK. 4. 



the principles and value of that process.* Well dried and 

 sifted earth of a loamy nature ought to be used. It is not 

 always possible to procure sufficiently dry earth in anv 



FiK 



quantity, so that the apparatus shown at Fig. i, and know n 

 as a drying stove, may be profitably employed. When the 

 earth has beea properly dried, not so dry as to fly into a 



Fig. G. 



» Knowlkdce, Dec. 26, 188 1, p. 523. 



dust when it falls, it should be sifted ; and in order to carry 

 out that process efficiently, a stlf acting sifter (Fig. 5) 

 ought to be used. 



The sified earth must next be transferred to the earth 

 reservoir of the closet apparatus, from which a regulated 

 discharge can be delivered over the soil, either by a " pull- 

 out," a " pull-up," or a self-acting seat action. Fig. 6 

 shows what we consider to be the best form of Moule's 

 apparatus. Here, wheu the handle in the seat is raised, 

 after the use of the closet, the soil on the valve beneath 

 the rim of the basin is up-et upon the soil ; when the handle 

 is returned to its original position a fresh charge of earth 

 is spread thereby upon the valve in readiness for the next 

 user. The value of the valve is obnous ; it shields the 

 contents of the soil receptacle from view, and at the same 

 time prevents an upward draught. 



■ ' Fig- . 



2, Receptacles for the soil are of two kinds. Fig. 7 is a 

 pail of sufficient size to hold twelve charges ; it is the most 

 convenient size for carrying up and down stairs and may, 

 or may not be furnished with a cover. Fig. 8 is called a 



FiK. f. 



" Broadmoor Tank " on wheels, and is best adapted for 

 use in outhouses, or where the manure is destined to collect 

 for a protracted period. We are indebted for these figures 

 to the kindness of Mr. H. J. Girdlestone, of Moule <fc Co., 

 r)A, Garrick-street, Covent Garden, W.O. 



THE 



-OCEANIC 

 RAILWAY.* 



SHIP 



THE transisthmian projects which for many jears have 

 attracted the attention of engineers may be divided, 

 jierhaps not improperly, into three classes : let. Those in 

 which the construction will be at the mercy of floods. 

 2nd. Those lacking good harbours. 3rd. Those which 

 empty into the Doldium?, or Zone of Calms. Of these 



* Condensed from the Scientific American. 



