272 



♦ KNOW^LEDGE 



[Maech 27, 1885. 



<Bm' COfsfg; Column. 



Br Mephisto. 



1. P to Kt3 P X P, or 



2. Q, to B2 ! P X Q 



3. B to 112 (cli) mate 



Or if 



2. Any other 



3. Q mates accordingly 



USEFUL END GAMES. 



It very often occurs that White is left with RP aud KtP against 

 the RP. In actual practice the usual result is a draw, but in many 

 cases White may win if he obtains the opposition at the right 

 moment. Two P'a against one in the middle of the board, alihoiigh 

 more favourably placed, nevertheless often can do no more than 

 draw. 



BLiCK. BliCK. 





White can only draw. 



White wins 



There are numerous positions in which Black gets into a stale- 

 mate position if White advances his Pawns too rashly as in the 

 above positions. The termination is as follows : — 



1. P to KtG or (a) P to R3 ! 



2. P to Kt7 (ch) K to Kt sq. 



3. K to KtG drawn. 



(a) 



1. K to B7 P to R3 



2. P x P or P to KtG 



Drawn game. 



1. K to B7 P to R3 



2. K to KtG and wins. 

 Supposing the P's are placed 



on Kt5 and R4, the result would 

 be the same, e.g., 



1. K to B7 P to R3 



2. P to KtG ! and wins. 



The following positions in the middle of the board likewise show 

 the danger of advancing Pawns too rapidly, e.g., 



Black. Blick. 





""^©^ 



White can only draw. 



1. K to Q,4 K to Q3! («) 



2. K to Q3 K to Q2 



3. K to K3 K to K2 



4. K to K4 K to K3 



(.t) If Black plays 1. K to B1-, 

 White gains the opposition by 

 2. K to K3, K to K3. 3. K to K4 

 and wins. Black must play so 

 as to oppose the White K always 

 when he reaches the 4th line. 



White wins. 



In this position. White having 

 a move at disposal, gains the 

 opposition, e.g. 



1. P to Kt5 



2. K to Q5 



3. K to K5 



4. K to QO 

 .'■). K to KG 

 G. K to K7 

 2. K to BG 



K to B2 il,) 

 K to K2 

 K to B2 

 K to Kt sq. 

 K to Kt2 

 K to R sq. 

 K to R2 



3. K to B7 and wins. 



The principle on which opposition is gained may easilj' be 

 learned with a little practice. It will be seen that in the first 

 position the Black K remains on the second line as long as Wliito 

 stays on the third. Black thereby being enabled to oppose the 

 White K either on K3 or Q3 immediately White plays K to K4 or 

 Q4. 



(()) In the secoTid position Black might also play as follows : — 



1. P to Kt.j K to Q3 



2. P to B5 i ^K toK2 



If P X P, White wins by reaching the square on R7 with his K. 



3. P to BG (ch) 



If White plays P x P, Black would draw by K to B sq. 



K to K3 



4. K to Q 1. K to Q3 



bringing about the following position : — 



Now White gains the opposi- 

 tion by giving up the P, e.< 



U'l. K to R7, and wins. 



ENDINt; FROM ACTUAL PLAT. 



BLiCS. 



Big SiiAii 



&m w^m WM// WDi 



■ ij p ^ 





White. 

 White won with 



BxKt BxB 



R X P K to Q sq. 



R X Kt ! 

 This move, in conjunction with the following play, forms a very 

 pretty combination. 



KxR 



Q to B7 (ch) . K to Q sq. 



Kt to Q3 - R to K sq. 



B to Kt5 ! Resigns 



ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. 



^*# Plea.se address Chess Editor. 



Wilfred John Taylor. — In the game on p. 22S, K to R3 

 obviously a misprint for K to R2. 



Edw. Cakter. — We fully appreciate your good opinion. 



Correct solutions of Problem No. 150 received from H. A. N., '. 

 Louden, Ravenshoe, Uncle John. 



Contents of No. 177. 



FASB 



Our Two Braina. By Eichard A, 



Proctor 229 



The Ynung Electrician. (Itlim.) 



By W. Slinjjo 230 



Pleasant Hours with thR Microscope. 



(lllu^.) Bt H. J. Slack 232 



Nicht Signs for March 233 



Thn Philosophy of Clothing. IV. 



By W. Mattipu Williaius 233 



Other Worlds than Ours 235 



Tricycles in 1885. (lUus.) By 



John Browniiiff 235 



Chats on Geometrical Measurement, 



(Itliis.) By R. A. Proctor 237 



PAQB 



The Inter-Oceanic Ship Railway. 



(/««.«.) 2(19 



First Star Lessons. (With Map.) 



By K. A. Proctor 240 



Chapters en Modem Domestio Eco- 

 nomy 241 



Editorial Gossip 243 



Reviews 243 



Correspondence : Inscribed Rocks 

 —Duality of Brain— The Tone of 



Controversy, kf 24.^ 



Our Inventors' Column 248 



Our Chess Column 249 



Our Whist Column 250 



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